The following blog will provide the necessary steps to upgrade the Grid Infrastructure from 12.1 to 12.2, for a Standalone Server.
One of the new features of GI 12.2 is the usage of the AFD (Oracle ASMFD Filter Driver).

Assumptions :

 You have installed Oracle GI 12.1 as grid user
 You have installed Oracle Database 12.1 as oracle user
 You have configured the groups asmadmin,asmoper,asmdba
 You installed oracle-rdbms-server-12cr2-preinstall rpm
 You patched your Oracle GI to PSU July 2017 (combo patch 25901062 to patch Oracle stack 12.1 , GI & RDBMS)
 [root]mkdir /u01/app/grid/product/12.2.0/grid/
 [root]chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid/product/12.2.0/grid/
 --stop all dbs that are using ASM
 [oracle]srvctl stop database -d ORCL

Installation : Tasks

[grid]cd /u01/app/grid/product/12.2.0/grid/
[grid]unzip /stage/linuxx64_12201_grid_home.zip
[grid]./gridSetup.sh
	Choose Upgrade Oracle Grid Infrastructure option.
	Confirm that all Oracle DBs using ASM are stopped.
	Check :
        Oracle base : /u01/app/grid/  
        Software Location : /u01/app/grid/product/12.2.0/grid/
		
	Uncheck "Automatically run configuration scripts". Is not recommanded by Oracle, but if you are doing like that 
is very possible that your upgrade process is dying without any output. 
	So at the right moment you will be asked to run rootUpgrade.sh maually.
	Click Next and validate that all the pre-requirements are confirmed.
	Monitor the progress and run the script rootUpgrade.sh when is prompted
	Once your action completed succesfully:
[grid@dbisrv04 ~]$ . oraenv
ORACLE_SID = [grid] ? +ASM
The Oracle base has been set to /u01/app/grid

[grid@dbisrv04 ~]$ crsctl query has softwareversion
Oracle High Availability Services version on the local node is [12.2.0.1.0]

Migrating ASM disks from ASMlib to AFD : Tasks

Oracle ASM Filter Driver (Oracle ASMFD) simplifies the configuration and management of disk devices by eliminating the need to rebind disk devices used with Oracle ASM each time the system is restarted.
Oracle ASM Filter Driver (Oracle ASMFD) is a kernel module that resides in the I/O path of the Oracle ASM disks. Oracle ASM uses the filter driver to validate write I/O requests to Oracle ASM disks.

Step1:

[grid@dbisrv04 ~]$ asmcmd dsget
parameter:
profile:

[grid@dbisrv04 ~]$ asmcmd dsset '/dev/xvda*','ORCL:*','AFD:*'

[grid@dbisrv04 ~]$ asmcmd dsget
parameter:/dev/xvda*, ORCL:*, AFD:*
profile:/dev/xvda*,ORCL:*,AFD:*

Step2:

[root]export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/grid/product/12.2.0/grid/
[root]$GRID_HOME/bin/crsctl stop has -f

Step3:

root@dbisrv04 ~]# $ORACLE_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_configure

ASMCMD-9524: AFD configuration failed 'ERROR: ASMLib deconfiguration failed'
Cause: acfsload is running.To configure AFD oracleasm and acfsload must be stopped
Solution: stop acfsload and rerun asmcmd afd_configure

[root@dbisrv04 ~]# oracleasm exit
[root@dbisrv04 ~]# $ORACLE_HOME/bin/acfsload stop

root@dbisrv04 ~]# $ORACLE_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_configure
AFD-627: AFD distribution files found.
AFD-634: Removing previous AFD installation.
AFD-635: Previous AFD components successfully removed.
AFD-636: Installing requested AFD software.
AFD-637: Loading installed AFD drivers.
AFD-9321: Creating udev for AFD.
AFD-9323: Creating module dependencies - this may take some time.
AFD-9154: Loading 'oracleafd.ko' driver.
AFD-649: Verifying AFD devices.
AFD-9156: Detecting control device '/dev/oracleafd/admin'.
AFD-638: AFD installation correctness verified.
Modifying resource dependencies - this may take some time.

Step4:

[grid@dbisrv04 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_state
ASMCMD-9526: The AFD state is 'LOADED' and filtering is 'ENABLED' on host 'dbisrv04.localdomain'

Step5:

[root]$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl stop has

Step6:

[grid@dbisrv04 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_refresh
[grid@dbisrv04 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_lsdsk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Label                     Filtering   Path
================================================================================
DISK01                      ENABLED   /dev/sdf1
DISK02                      ENABLED   /dev/sdg1
DISK03                      ENABLED   /dev/sdh1
DISK04                      ENABLED   /dev/sdi1
DISK05                      ENABLED   /dev/sdj1
DISK06                      ENABLED   /dev/sdk1
DISK07                      ENABLED   /dev/sdl1
DISK08                      ENABLED   /dev/sdm1
DISK09                      ENABLED   /dev/sdn1

Step7:

[root]$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl start has
[grid@dbisrv04 ~]$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_dsset '/dev/sd*'

Step8:

[root]$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl stop has -f
[root]$GRID_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_scan
[root]$GRID_HOME/bin/asmcmd afd_refresh

Step9:

[root]$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl start has
[root@dbisrv04 ~]# /u01/app/grid/product/12.2.0/grid/bin/asmcmd afd_lsdsk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Label                     Filtering   Path
================================================================================
DISK01                      ENABLED   /dev/sdf1
DISK02                      ENABLED   /dev/sdg1
DISK03                      ENABLED   /dev/sdh1
DISK04                      ENABLED   /dev/sdi1
DISK05                      ENABLED   /dev/sdj1
DISK06                      ENABLED   /dev/sdk1
DISK07                      ENABLED   /dev/sdl1
DISK08                      ENABLED   /dev/sdm1
DISK09                      ENABLED   /dev/sdn1

Step10:

select name,label,path from v$asm_disk;SQL> SQL> SQL>

NAME       LABEL                PATH
---------- -------------------- --------------------
DISK04     DISK04               AFD:DISK04
DISK03     DISK03               AFD:DISK03
DISK02     DISK02               AFD:DISK02
DISK01     DISK01               AFD:DISK01
DISK07     DISK07               AFD:DISK07
DISK05     DISK05               AFD:DISK05
DISK06     DISK06               AFD:DISK06
DISK09     DISK09               AFD:DISK09
DISK08     DISK08               AFD:DISK08

Step11: Confirm your AFD is loaded

[root@dbisrv04 ~]# /u01/app/grid/product/12.2.0/grid/bin/crsctl stat res -t
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Name           Target  State        Server                   State details
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Local Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.DATA.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       dbisrv04                 STABLE
ora.DATA2.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       dbisrv04                 STABLE
ora.LISTENER.lsnr
               ONLINE  ONLINE       dbisrv04                 STABLE
ora.RECO.dg
               ONLINE  ONLINE       dbisrv04                 STABLE
ora.asm
               ONLINE  ONLINE       dbisrv04                 Started,STABLE
ora.ons
               OFFLINE OFFLINE      dbisrv04                 STABLE
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cluster Resources
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ora.cssd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       dbisrv04                 STABLE
ora.diskmon
      1        OFFLINE OFFLINE                               STABLE
ora.driver.afd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       dbisrv04                 STABLE
ora.evmd
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       dbisrv04                 STABLE
ora.orcl.db
      1        ONLINE  ONLINE       dbisrv04                 Open,HOME=/u01/app/o
                                                             racle/product/12.2.0
                                                             /dbhome_1,STABLE

——————————————————————————–

Step 11b: Introduce new disks with AFD

[root]. oraenv
[root]+ASM
[root@dbisrv04 ~]# asmcmd afd_label DISK10 /dev/sdo1 --init
ASMCMD-9521: AFD is already configured
[root@dbisrv04 ~]# asmcmd afd_label DISK10 /dev/sdo1
[root@dbisrv04 ~]# asmcmd afd_lslbl
[root@dbisrv04 ~]# /u01/app/grid/product/12.2.0/grid/bin/asmcmd afd_lsdsk
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Label                     Filtering   Path
================================================================================
DISK01                      ENABLED   /dev/sdf1
DISK02                      ENABLED   /dev/sdg1
DISK03                      ENABLED   /dev/sdh1
DISK04                      ENABLED   /dev/sdi1
DISK05                      ENABLED   /dev/sdj1
DISK06                      ENABLED   /dev/sdk1
DISK07                      ENABLED   /dev/sdl1
DISK08                      ENABLED   /dev/sdm1
DISK09                      ENABLED   /dev/sdn1
DISK10                      ENABLED   /dev/sdo1

Step 12: Erase Oracle ASMLib

[root] yum erase oracleasm-support.x86_64
[root] yum erase oracleasmlib.x86_64
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