{"id":9983,"date":"2017-04-26T17:59:26","date_gmt":"2017-04-26T15:59:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/migrating-from-oracle-to-postgresql-with-ora2pg\/"},"modified":"2023-06-08T16:33:06","modified_gmt":"2023-06-08T14:33:06","slug":"migrating-from-oracle-to-postgresql-with-ora2pg","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/migrating-from-oracle-to-postgresql-with-ora2pg\/","title":{"rendered":"Migrating from oracle to postgresql with ora2pg"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Mouhamadou Diaw<\/strong><\/p>\n

PostgreSQL is one of the most used Rdbms.
\nIn this blog we are going to talk about migrating from oracle to postgresql using ora2pg. A previous blog about this topic can be found here<\/a>.
\nAfter installing ora2pg tool, we will see how to configure and to run it to migrate our data. We are using an oracle 12.1 database and a postgresql 9.6.2. The server is runing on OEL 7.2
\nThe oracle database and the postgresql server are running on the same server. But different servers can be used.<\/p>\n

To install ora2pg we need following:
\n-DBD-Oracle-1.75_2.tar.gz : Oracle database driver for the DBI module
\n-DBD-Pg-3.6.0.tar.gz : PostgreSQL database driver for the DBI module
\n-DBI-1.636.tar.gz : Database independent interface for Perl
\n-ora2pg-18.1.tar.gz : ora2pg archive<\/p>\n

The DBI modules can be found here<\/a>
\nAnd the ora2pg can be downloaded from here <\/a><\/p>\n

Install DBI module
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]#tar xvzf DBI-1.636.tar.gz
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]#cd DBI-1.636
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]#perl Makefile.Pl
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]#make
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]#make install
\n<\/code><\/p>\n

Install DBD-Oracle
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]# tar xvzf DBD-Oracle-1.75_2.tar.gz
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]# cd DBD-Oracle-1.75_2\/
\n[root@serveroracle DBD-Oracle-1.75_2]# export ORACLE_HOME=\/u01\/app\/oracle\/product\/12.1.0\/dbhome_1
\n[root@serveroracle DBD-Oracle-1.75_2]# export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=\/u01\/app\/oracle\/product\/12.1.0\/dbhome_1\/lib
\n[root@serveroracle DBD-Oracle-1.75_2]# perl Makefile.PL
\n[root@serveroracle DBD-Oracle-1.75_2]# make
\n[root@serveroracle DBD-Oracle-1.75_2]# make install
\n<\/code><\/p>\n

Install DBD-Pg
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]# tar xvzf DBD-Pg-3.6.0.tar.gz
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]# cd DBD-Pg-3.6.0
\n[root@serveroracle DBD-Pg-3.6.0]# perl Makefile.PL
\nConfiguring DBD::Pg 3.6.0
\nPath to pg_config? \/u01\/app\/postgres\/product\/96\/db_2\/bin\/pg_config
\n[root@serveroracle DBD-Pg-3.6.0]# make
\n[root@serveroracle DBD-Pg-3.6.0]# make install
\n<\/code>
\nWhen we first run the command perl MakeFile.PL, we got following errors
\n[root@serveroracle DBD-Pg-3.6.0]# perl Makefile.PL
\nConfiguring DBD::Pg 3.6.0
\nPostgreSQL version: 90602 (default port: 5432)
\nPOSTGRES_HOME: \/u01\/app\/postgres\/product\/96\/db_2
\nPOSTGRES_INCLUDE: \/u01\/app\/postgres\/product\/96\/db_2\/include
\nPOSTGRES_LIB: \/u01\/app\/postgres\/product\/96\/db_2\/lib
\nOS: linux
\nWarning: prerequisite version 0 not found.
\nCould not eval '
\npackage ExtUtils::MakeMaker::_version;
\nno strict;
\nBEGIN { eval {
\n# Ensure any version() routine which might have leaked
\n# into this package has been deleted. Interferes with
\n# version->import()
\nundef *version;
\nrequire version;
\n\"version\"->import;
\n} }
\nlocal $VERSION;
\n$VERSION=undef;
\ndo {
\nuse version; our $VERSION = qv('3.6.0');
\n};
\n$VERSION;
\n' in Pg.pm: Can't locate version.pm in @INC (@INC contains: t\/lib \/usr\/local\/lib64\/perl5 \/usr\/local\/share\/perl5 \/usr\/lib64\/perl5\/vendor_perl \/usr\/share\/perl5\/vendor_perl \/usr\/lib64\/perl5 \/usr\/share\/perl5 .) at (eval 11) line 16, line 19.
\nBEGIN failed--compilation aborted at (eval 11) line 16, line 19.
\nWARNING: Setting VERSION via file 'Pg.pm' failed
\nat \/usr\/share\/perl5\/vendor_perl\/ExtUtils\/MakeMaker.pm line 619.
\nUsing DBI 1.636 (for perl 5.016003 on x86_64-linux-thread-multi) installed in \/usr\/local\/lib64\/perl5\/auto\/DBI\/
\nWriting Makefile for DBD::Pg
\n<\/code>
\nWe correct errors by running the command below.
\n[root@serveroracle DBD-Pg-3.6.0]# yum -y install 'perl(version)'
\nLoaded plugins: langpacks, ulninfo
\nResolving Dependencies
\n--> Running transaction check
\n---> Package perl-version.x86_64 3:0.99.07-2.el7 will be installed
\n--> Finished Dependency Resolution
\n<\/code><\/p>\n

Install ora2pg
\n
\n[postgres@serveroracle ~]$ tar xvzf ora2pg-18.1.tar.gz
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]# cd ora2pg-18.1\/
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]# perl Makefile.PL
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]# make
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]# make install
\n<\/code><\/p>\n


\n[root@serveroracle postgres]# ora2pg -version
\nOra2Pg v18.1
\n[root@serveroracle postgres]#
\n<\/code><\/p>\n

Now that ora2pg is installed, we can proceed with the migration. The first step is to configure the ora2pg.conf<\/span> file. We can do a copy of the default template and then modify the file. In our case the configuration file is located in \/etc\/ora2pg<\/span> directory.
\n
\n[root@serveroracle ora2pg]# cp ora2pg.conf.dist ora2pg.conf
\n[root@serveroracle ora2pg]# vi ora2pg.conf
\n<\/code>
\nIn our configuration file, following changes where done. We are exporting only the HR schema
\n
\nORACLE_DSN dbi:Oracle:host=serveroracle.localdomain;sid=ORCL
\nORACLE_USER system
\nORACLE_PWD root
\nSCHEMA HR
\nTYPE TABLE PACKAGE COPY VIEW GRANT SEQUENCE TRIGGER FUNCTION PROCEDURE TABLESPACE TYPE PARTITION
\nOUTPUT HR_output.sql
\n<\/code>
\nora2pg works by exporting and importing schemas. We can only export one schema at a time if we use the option SCHEMA. If we want to export all schemas we can just comment the option SCHEMA. In this case all non-oracle users will be extracted.
\nIn the documentation we also have the option SYSUSERS
\n# Allow to add a comma separated list of system user to exclude from
\n# from Oracle extraction. Oracle have many of them following the modules
\n# installed. By default it will suppress all object owned by the following
\n# system users:
\n# CTXSYS,DBSNMP,EXFSYS,LBACSYS,MDSYS,MGMT_VIEW,OLAPSYS,ORDDATA,OWBSYS,
\n# ORDPLUGINS,ORDSYS,OUTLN,SI_INFORMTN_SCHEMA,SYS,SYSMAN,SYSTEM,WK_TEST,
\n# WKSYS,WKPROXY,WMSYS,XDB,APEX_PUBLIC_USER,DIP,FLOWS_020100,FLOWS_030000,
\n# FLOWS_040100,FLOWS_FILES,MDDATA,ORACLE_OCM,SPATIAL_CSW_ADMIN_USR,
\n# SPATIAL_WFS_ADMIN_USR,XS$NULL,PERFSTAT,SQLTXPLAIN,DMSYS,TSMSYS,WKSYS,
\n# APEX_040200,DVSYS,OJVMSYS,GSMADMIN_INTERNAL,APPQOSSYS
\n# Other list of users set to this directive will be added to this list.
\n#SYSUSERS OE,HR
\n<\/code>
\nOnce configuration done, we can run the orap2g command. Note that you can see all options by running ora2pg -help
\n[root@serveroracle ora2pg]# ora2pg
\n[========================>] 7\/7 tables (100.0%) end of scanning.
\n[> ] 0\/7 tables (0.0%) end of scanning.
\n[========================>] 7\/7 tables (100.0%) end of table export.
\n[========================>] 0\/0 packages (100.0%) end of output.
\n[========================>] 25\/25 rows (100.0%) Table COUNTRIES (25 recs\/sec)
\n[==> ] 25\/215 total rows (11.6%) - (0 sec., avg: 25 recs\/sec).
\n[========================>] 27\/27 rows (100.0%) Table DEPARTMENTS (27 recs\/sec)
\n[=====> ] 52\/215 total rows (24.2%) - (1 sec., avg: 52 recs\/sec).
\n[========================>] 107\/107 rows (100.0%) Table EMPLOYEES (107 recs\/sec)
\n[=================> ] 159\/215 total rows (74.0%) - (1 sec., avg: 159 recs\/sec).
\n[========================>] 19\/19 rows (100.0%) Table JOBS (19 recs\/sec)
\n[===================> ] 178\/215 total rows (82.8%) - (1 sec., avg: 178 recs\/sec).
\n[========================>] 10\/10 rows (100.0%) Table JOB_HISTORY (10 recs\/sec)
\n[====================> ] 188\/215 total rows (87.4%) - (2 sec., avg: 94 recs\/sec).
\n[========================>] 23\/23 rows (100.0%) Table LOCATIONS (23 recs\/sec)
\n[=======================> ] 211\/215 total rows (98.1%) - (2 sec., avg: 105 recs\/sec).
\n[========================>] 4\/4 rows (100.0%) Table REGIONS (4 recs\/sec)
\n[========================>] 215\/215 total rows (100.0%) - (3 sec., avg: 71 recs\/sec).
\n[========================>] 215\/215 rows (100.0%) on total estimated data (3 sec., avg: 71 recs\/sec)
\n[========================>] 1\/1 views (100.0%) end of output.
\n[========================>] 3\/3 sequences (100.0%) end of output.
\n[========================>] 1\/1 triggers (100.0%) end of output.
\n[========================>] 0\/0 functions (100.0%) end of output.
\n[========================>] 2\/2 procedures (100.0%) end of output.
\n[========================>] 0\/0 types (100.0%) end of output.
\n[========================>] 0\/0 partitions (100.0%) end of output.
\n[root@serveroracle ora2pg]#
\n<\/code><\/p>\n

Once finished, a file HR_output.sql is generated. This file can be used to load data in the postgresql database. We can also load data directly without using a file. We just have to specify the connection info for the postgresql.
\nLet\u2019s know prepare the postgresql server to receive our data. First we create the user HR.
\n
\n[postgres@serveroracle ~]$ psql
\npsql (9.6.2 dbi services build)
\nType \"help\" for help.
\npostgres=# c orclpg
\nYou are now connected to database \"orclpg\" as user \"postgres\".
\norclpg=# create user HR WITH PASSWORD 'root';
\n<\/code>
\nAnd then we can execute the file. The first time we ran the file, we had some constraints errors
\n
\norclpg=# i HR_output.sql
\nERROR: insert or update on table \"countries\" violates foreign key constraint \"countr_reg_fk\"
\nDETAIL: Key (region_id)=(2) is not present in table \"regions\".
\nSTATEMENT: COPY countries (country_id,country_name,region_id) FROM STDIN;
\npsql:HR_output.sql:224: ERROR: insert or update on table \"countries\" violates foreign key constraint \"countr_reg_fk\"
\nDETAIL: Key (region_id)=(2) is not present in table \"regions\".
\norclpg=#
\n<\/code>
\nTo correct this, we put the option in the configuration file DROP_FKEY to 1
\n
\nDROP_FKEY 1
\n<\/code>
\nWith this option all foreign keys will be dropped before all data import and recreate them at the end of the import. After the load was successful.
\n
\norclpg=# i HR_output.sql
\nSET
\nCREATE SCHEMA
\nALTER SCHEMA
\nSET
\nCREATE TABLE
\nCOMMENT
\nSET
\nSET
\nSET
\nSET
\nSET
\nBEGIN
\nALTER TABLE
\nALTER TABLE
\nALTER TABLE
\nALTER TABLE
\nSET
\nCOPY 107
\nSET
\nCOPY 19
\nSET
\nCOPY 10
\nSET
\nCOPY 23
\nSET
\nCOPY 4
\nALTER TABLE
\nALTER TABLE
\nALTER TABLE
\n\u2026
\n\u2026
\nCOMMIT
\n<\/code>
\nWe can verify that tables were created and that data were inserted.<\/p>\n


\norclpg=# d
\nList of relations
\nSchema | Name | Type | Owner
\n--------+-------------+-------+----------
\nhr | countries | table | postgres
\nhr | departments | table | postgres
\nhr | employees | table | postgres
\nhr | job_history | table | postgres
\nhr | jobs | table | postgres
\nhr | locations | table | postgres
\nhr | regions | table | postgres
\n(7 rows)<\/code><\/p>\n


\n<\/code><\/p>\n

orclpg=# select count(*) from countries;
\ncount
\n-------
\n25
\n(1 row)
\norclpg=#
\n<\/code>
\nConclusion<\/b>
\nAs we can see ora2pg is a free easy tool to migrate data from oracle to postgresql. In coming blog we will talk about other tools that can be used to move data from oracle to postgresql<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By Mouhamadou Diaw PostgreSQL is one of the most used Rdbms. In this blog we are going to talk about migrating from oracle to postgresql using ora2pg. A previous blog about this topic can be found here. After installing ora2pg tool, we will see how to configure and to run it to migrate our data. 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