SYS$USERS is the default database service for user sessions that are not associated with services<\/em> so I’m connected to a PDB here without a service.<\/p>\nGUID<\/h3>\n
The internal service name is the GUID of the PDB, which identifies the container even after unplug\/plug.<\/p>\n
SQL> select pdb_id,pdb_name,con_uid,guid from dba_pdbs;\n \nPDB_ID PDB_NAME CON_UID GUID\n------ -------- ------- ----\n4 PDB1 2763763322 4AA269FA927779F0E053684EA8C0C27F<\/code><\/pre>\nProxy PDB<\/h3>\n
This internal service has been introduced in 12c<\/em>R2 for Proxy PDB feature: access to a PDB through another one, so that you don’t have to change the connection string when you migrate the PDB to another server. <\/p>\nI’ll create a Proxy PDB in CDB2 to connect to PDB1 which is in CDB1. This is simple: create a database link for the creation of the Proxy PDB which I call PDB1PX1:<\/p>\n
18:01:33 SQL> connect sys\/oracle@\/\/localhost\/CDB2 as sysdba\nConnected.\n18:01:33 SQL> show pdbs\n \nCON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED\n------ -------- ---- ---- ----------\n2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO\n \n18:01:33 SQL> create database link CDB1 connect to system identified by oracle using '\/\/localhost\/CDB1';\nDatabase link CDB1 created.\n \n18:01:38 SQL> create pluggable database PDB1PX1 as proxy from PDB1@CDB1\n file_name_convert=('\/u01\/oradata\/CDB1\/PDB1','\/u01\/oradata\/CDB1\/PDB1PX1');\n \nPluggable database PDB1PX1 created.\n \n18:02:14 SQL> drop database link CDB1;\nDatabase link CDB1 dropped.<\/code><\/pre>\nThe Proxy PDB clones the system tablespaces, and this is why I had to give a file_name_convert. Note that the user tablespace datafile is not cloned, so I don’t need to convert the ‘\/var\/tmp\/PDB1USERS2.dbf’. The dblink is not needed anymore once the Proxy PDB is created, as it is used only for the clone of system tablespaces. The PDB is currently in mount.<\/p>\n
18:02:14 SQL> connect sys\/oracle@\/\/localhost\/CDB2 as sysdba\nConnected.\n18:02:14 SQL> show pdbs\n \nCON_ID CON_NAME OPEN MODE RESTRICTED\n------ -------- ---- ---- ----------\n2 PDB$SEED READ ONLY NO\n3 PDB1PX1 MOUNTED<\/code><\/pre>\nThe system tablespaces are there (I’m in 12.2 with local undo which is required for Proxy PDB feature)<\/p>\n
18:02:14 SQL> select con_id,file_name from cdb_data_files;\n \nCON_ID FILE_NAME\n------ ---------\n1 \/u01\/oradata\/CDB2\/system01.dbf\n1 \/u01\/oradata\/CDB2\/sysaux01.dbf\n1 \/u01\/oradata\/CDB2\/users01.dbf\n1 \/u01\/oradata\/CDB2\/undotbs01.dbf<\/code><\/pre>\nI open the PDB<\/p>\n
18:02:19 SQL> alter pluggable database PDB1PX1 open;\nPluggable database PDB1PX1 altered.\n<\/code><\/pre>\nconnect<\/h3>\n
I have now 3 ways to connect to PDB1: with the PDB1 service, with the internal service, and through the Proxy PDB service.
\nI’ve tested the 3 ways:<\/p>\n
\n18:02:45 SQL> connect demo\/demo@\/\/localhost\/PDB1\n18:02:56 SQL> connect demo\/demo@\/\/localhost\/PDB1PX1\n18:03:06 SQL> connect demo\/demo@\/\/localhost\/4aa269fa927779f0e053684ea8c0c27f<\/code><\/pre>\nand I’ve inserted each time into a DEMO table the information about my connection:<\/p>\n
SQL> insert into DEMO select '&_connect_identifier' \"connect identifier\", current_timestamp \"timestamp\", sys_context('userenv','cdb_name') \"CDB name\", sys_context('userenv','con_name') \"con name\" from dual;<\/code><\/pre>\nHere is the result:<\/p>\n
connect identifier timestamp CDB name container name\n------------------ --------- -------- --------------\n\/\/localhost\/PDB1 07-APR-17 06.02.50.977839000 PM CDB1 PDB1\n\/\/localhost\/PDB1PX1 07-APR-17 06.03.01.492946000 PM CDB1 PDB1\n\/\/localhost\/4aa269fa927779f0e053684ea8c0c27f 07-APR-17 06.03.11.814039000 PM CDB1 PDB1<\/code><\/pre>\nWe are connected to the same databases. As for this test I’m on the same server with same listener, I can check what is logged in the listener log.<\/p>\n
Here are the $ORACLE_BASE\/diag\/tnslsnr\/$(hostname)\/listener\/alert\/log.xml entries related to my connections.<\/p>\n
\/\/localhost\/PDB1<\/h3>\n
When connecting directly to PDB1 the connection is simple:<\/p>\n
\n<msg time='2017-04-07T18:02:45.644+02:00' org_id='oracle' comp_id='tnslsnr'\n type='UNKNOWN' level='16' host_id='VM104'\n host_addr='192.168.78.104' pid='1194'>\n <txt>07-APR-2017 18:02:45 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=PDB1)(CID=(PROGRAM=java)(HOST=VM104)(USER=oracle))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=27523)) * establish * PDB1 * 0\n <\/txt>\n<\/msg>\n<\/code><\/pre>\nI am connecting with SQLcl which is java: (PROGRAM=java)<\/p>\n
\/\/localhost\/PDB1PX1<\/h3>\n
When connecting through the Proxy PDB I see the connection to the Proxy PDBX1:<\/p>\n
\n<msg time='2017-04-07T18:02:56.058+02:00' org_id='oracle' comp_id='tnslsnr'\n type='UNKNOWN' level='16' host_id='VM104'\n host_addr='192.168.78.104' pid='1194'>\n <txt>07-APR-2017 18:02:56 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=PDB1PX1)(CID=(PROGRAM=java)(HOST=VM104)(USER=oracle))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=27524)) * establish * PDB1PX1 * 0\n <\/txt>\n<\/msg>\n<\/code><\/pre>\nThis is the java connection. But I can also see the connection to the remote PDB1 from the Proxy PDB<\/p>\n
\n<msg time='2017-04-07T18:03:01.375+02:00' org_id='oracle' comp_id='tnslsnr'\n type='UNKNOWN' level='16' host_id='VM104'\n host_addr='192.168.78.104' pid='1194'>\n <txt>07-APR-2017 18:03:01 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=4aa269fa927779f0e053684ea8c0c27f)(CID=(PROGRAM=oracle)(HOST=VM104)(USER=oracle))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=192.168.78.104)(PORT=16787)) * establish * 4aa269fa927779f0e053684ea8c0c27f * 0\n <\/txt>\n<\/msg>\n<\/code><\/pre>\nHere the program is (PROGRAM=oracle) which is a CDB2 instance process connecting to the CDB1 remote through the internal service.<\/p>\n
\/\/localhost\/4aa269fa927779f0e053684ea8c0c27f<\/h3>\n
When I connect to the internal service, I see the same connection to PDB1’s GUID but from (PROGRAM=java) directly<\/p>\n
\n<msg time='2017-04-07T18:03:06.671+02:00' org_id='oracle' comp_id='tnslsnr'\n type='UNKNOWN' level='16' host_id='VM104'\n host_addr='192.168.78.104' pid='1194'>\n <txt>07-APR-2017 18:03:06 * (CONNECT_DATA=(SERVICE_NAME=4aa269fa927779f0e053684ea8c0c27f)(CID=(PROGRAM=java)(HOST=VM104)(USER=oracle))) * (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=127.0.0.1)(PORT=27526)) * establish * 4aa269fa927779f0e053684ea8c0c27f * 0\n <\/txt>\n<\/msg>\n<\/code><\/pre>\nOne more…<\/h3>\n
So each user PDB, in addition to the PDB name and additional services you have defined, registers an additional internal service, whether the PDB is opened our closed. And the fun is that Proxy PDB also register this additional service. Here is my listener status:<\/p>\n
\nListening Endpoints Summary...\n (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=VM104)(PORT=1521)))\nServices Summary...\nService \"4aa269fa927779f0e053684ea8c0c27f\" has 1 instance(s).\n Instance \"CDB1\", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...\nService \"4c96bda23b8e41fae053684ea8c0918b\" has 1 instance(s).\n Instance \"CDB2\", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...\nService \"CDB1\" has 1 instance(s).\n Instance \"CDB1\", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...\nService \"CDB1XDB\" has 1 instance(s).\n Instance \"CDB1\", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...\nService \"CDB2\" has 1 instance(s).\n Instance \"CDB2\", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...\nService \"CDB2XDB\" has 1 instance(s).\n Instance \"CDB2\", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...\nService \"pdb1\" has 1 instance(s).\n Instance \"CDB1\", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...\nService \"pdb1px1\" has 1 instance(s).\n Instance \"CDB2\", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...\nThe command completed successfully\n<\/code><\/pre>\nThis “4c96bda23b8e41fae053684ea8c0918b” is the GUID of the Proxy PDB.<\/p>\n
SQL> select sys_context('userenv','cdb_name'), sys_context('userenv','con_name'), sys_context('userenv','service_name') from dual;\n \nSYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','CDB_NAME')\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nSYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','CON_NAME')\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nSYS_CONTEXT('USERENV','SERVICE_NAME')\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nCDB1\nPDB1\nSYS$USERS<\/code><\/pre>\nSo that’s a fourth way to connect to PDB1: through the internal service of the Proxy PDB.<\/p>\n
Then you can immediately imagine what I tried…<\/p>\n
ORA-65280<\/h3>\n
Because the internal service name is used to connect through Proxy PDB, can I create an proxy for the proxy?<\/p>\n
18:03:32 SQL> create pluggable database PDB1PX2 as proxy from PDB1PX1@CDB2\n 2 file_name_convert=('\/u01\/oradata\/CDB1\/PDB1\/PX1','\/u01\/oradata\/CDB1\/PDB1PX2');\n \nError starting at line : 76 File @ \/media\/sf_share\/122\/blogs\/proxypdb.sql\nIn command -\ncreate pluggable database PDB1PX2 as proxy from PDB1PX1@CDB2\n file_name_convert=('\/u01\/oradata\/CDB1\/PDB1\/PX1','\/u01\/oradata\/CDB1\/PDB1PX2')\nError report -\nORA-65280: The referenced pluggable database is a proxy pluggable database.<\/code><\/pre>\nAnswer is no. You cannot nest the Proxy PDB.<\/p>\n
So what?<\/h3>\n
Don’t panic when looking at services registered in the listener. Those hexadecimal service names are expected in 12.2, with one per user PDB. You see them, but have no reason to use them directly. You will use them indirectly when creating a Proxy PDB which makes the location where users connect independent from the physical location of the PDB. Very interesting from migration because client configuration is independent from the migration (think hybrid-cloud). You can use this feature even without the multitenant option. Want to see all multitenant architecture options available without the option? Look at the ITOUG Tech day agenda<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"By Franck Pachot . Weird title, isn’t it? That was my reaction when I did my first ‘lsnrctl status’ in 12.2: weird service name… If you have installed 12.2 multitenant, then you have probably seen this strange service name registered in your listener. One per PDB. It is not a bug. It is an internal […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[198],"tags":[1067,984,220,64,96,209,66,223,910],"type_dbi":[],"class_list":["post-9929","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database-management","tag-12-2-multitenant","tag-1z0-074","tag-cdb","tag-multitenant","tag-oracle","tag-oracle-12c","tag-pdb","tag-pluggable-databases","tag-proxy"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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