{"id":9661,"date":"2017-01-10T17:53:01","date_gmt":"2017-01-10T16:53:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\/"},"modified":"2023-06-08T16:16:56","modified_gmt":"2023-06-08T14:16:56","slug":"dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\/","title":{"rendered":"Dataguard Oracle 12.2 : Support for Multiple Observers"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Mouhamadou Diaw<\/strong><\/p>\n

With Oracle 12cR2 it is now possible to configure multiple observers within a single Oracle Data Guard broker configuration.
\nMultiple observers provide an immediate benefit for High Availability. If one observer fails, there are additional observers that can continue to monitor the status of the configuration.
\nIn this blog we are going to talk about this new feature.<\/p>\n

Our configuration have 3 servers:
\nprimaserver.localdomain with db_unique_name ORCL_SITE
\nstandserver1.localdomain with db_unique_name ORCL_SITE1
\nstandserver2.localdomain with db_unique_name ORCL_SITE2<\/p>\n

With Oracle 12cR2 you can register up to three observers to monitor a single Data Guard broker configuration. Each observer is identified by a name that you supply when you issue the START OBSERVER command<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s start with a configuration where the Fast Start Failover is disabled
\n
\nDGMGRL> show configuration;
\nConfiguration - ORCL_DR
\nProtection Mode: MaxProtection
\nMembers:
\nORCL_SITE - Primary database
\nORCL_SITE1 - Physical standby database
\nORCL_SITE2 - Physical standby database
\nFast-Start Failover: DISABLED <\/span>
\nConfiguration Status:
\nSUCCESS (status updated 11 seconds ago)
\nDGMGRL>
\n<\/code>
\nAnd let\u2019s start an observer on each server
\n
\nDGMGRL> connect sys\/root@orcl_site
\nConnected to \"ORCL_SITE\"
\nConnected as SYSDBA.DGMGRL> start observer prima_observer
\n[W000 01\/05 10:46:03.89] FSFO target standby is (empty)
\n<\/code>
\n
\nDGMGRL> connect sys\/root@ORCL_SITE1
\nConnected to \"ORCL_SITE1\"
\nConnected as SYSDBA.
\nDGMGRL> start observer standserver1_observer
\n[W000 01\/05 10:47:19.22] FSFO target standby is (empty)
\n<\/code>
\n
\nDGMGRL> connect sys\/root@orcl_site2
\nConnected to \"ORCL_SITE2\"
\nConnected as SYSDBA.
\nDGMGRL> start observer standserver2_observer
\n[W000 01\/05 10:48:25.86] FSFO target standby is (empty)
\n<\/code>
\nWhen fast-start failover is disabled the observer does not need to coordinate fast-start failover, so all observers are equivalent and have the same functionality as shown below
\n
\nDGMGRL> show observer;
\nConfiguration - ORCL_DR
\nFast-Start Failover: DISABLED
\nObserver \"prima_observer\"
\nHost Name: primaserver.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 17 seconds ago
\nObserver \"standserver1_observer\"
\nHost Name: standserver1.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 2 seconds ago
\nObserver \"standserver2_observer\"
\nHost Name: standserver2.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 25 seconds ago
\nDGMGRL>
\n<\/code>
\nNow let\u2019s enable the Fast Start Failover
\n
\nDGMGRL> enable FAST_START FAILOVER
\nEnabled.
\n<\/code>
\n
\nDGMGRL> show configuration
\nConfiguration - ORCL_DR
\nProtection Mode: MaxProtection
\nMembers:
\nORCL_SITE - Primary database
\nORCL_SITE1 - (*) Physical standby database
\nORCL_SITE2 - Physical standby database
\nFast-Start Failover: ENABLED <\/span>
\nConfiguration Status:
\nSUCCESS (status updated 43 seconds ago)
\nDGMGRL>
\n<\/code>
\nNow that FSFO is enabled, we have a Master observer and Backup observers. The master observer works in the same manner that a single observer worked prior to the advent of multiple observers in Oracle Database 12c Release 2 (12.2.0.1).
\nOnly the master observer can coordinate fast-start failover with Data Guard broker. All other registered observers are considered to be backup observers. The master observer is randomly chosen by the primary and the standby.
\n
\nDGMGRL> show observer;
\nConfiguration - ORCL_DR
\nPrimary: ORCL_SITE
\nTarget: ORCL_SITE1
\nObserver \"prima_observer\" - Master <\/span>
\nHost Name: primaserver.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 3 seconds ago
\nLast Ping to Target: 0 seconds ago
\nObserver \"standserver1_observer\" - Backup <\/span>
\nHost Name: standserver1.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 2 seconds ago
\nLast Ping to Target: 3 seconds ago
\nObserver \"standserver2_observer\" - Backup <\/span>
\nHost Name: standserver2.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 2 seconds ago
\nLast Ping to Target: 2 seconds ago
\nDGMGRL>
\n<\/code>
\nIf we try to stop the master observer, we will get an error
\n
\nDGMGRL> stop observer prima_observer
\nError: ORA-16878: master observer cannot be stopped
\nFailed.
\nDGMGRL>
\n<\/code>
\nIt means that if for one reason we want to stop an observer that is the master one, we have to promote a backup observer as the new master. The command SET MASTEROBSERVER<\/span> is used to manually change the master observer
\n
\nDGMGRL> SET MASTEROBSERVER to standserver2_observer
\nSent the proposed master observer to the data guard broker configuration.
\nPlease run SHOW OBSERVER to see if master observer switch actually happens.
\nDGMGRL>
\n<\/code>
\nWe can see that now the new master is standserver2_observer
\n
\nDGMGRL> show observer;
\nConfiguration - ORCL_DR
\nPrimary: ORCL_SITE
\nTarget: ORCL_SITE1
\nObserver \"standserver2_observer\" - Master
\nHost Name: standserver2.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 0 seconds ago
\nLast Ping to Target: 1 second ago
\nObserver \"prima_observer\" - Backup
\nHost Name: primaserver.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 0 seconds ago
\nLast Ping to Target: 2 seconds ago
\nObserver \"standserver1_observer\" - Backup
\nHost Name: standserver1.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 1 second ago
\nLast Ping to Target: 1 second ago
\nDGMGRL>
\n<\/code>
\nNow if we crash the server hosting the master observer (i.e. standserver2.localdomain), one of the backup observers will automatically be the new master.
\n
\nDGMGRL> show observer;
\nConfiguration - ORCL_DR
\nPrimary: ORCL_SITE
\nTarget: ORCL_SITE1
\nObserver \"prima_observer\" - Master
\nHost Name: primaserver.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 2 seconds ago
\nLast Ping to Target: 1 second ago
\nObserver \"standserver1_observer\" - Backup
\nHost Name: standserver1.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 2 seconds ago
\nLast Ping to Target: 0 seconds ago
\nObserver \"standserver2_observer\" - Backup
\nHost Name: standserver2.localdomain
\nLast Ping to Primary: 119 seconds ago
\nLast Ping to Target: 84 seconds ago
\n<\/code>
\nWhat happens if we try to start a fourth observer?
\n
\nDGMGRL> connect sys\/root@ORCL_SITE1
\nConnected to \"ORCL_SITE1\"
\nConnected as SYSDBA.
\nDGMGRL> start observer fourth_observer
\nError: ORA-16647: could not start more than three observers
\nFailed to start the observer.
\nDGMGRL>
\n<\/code>
\nAs we see above, we cannot have more than 3 observers.<\/p>\n

One important thing about multiple observers is that we have only more availability for the observer but not for the FSFO configuration. This means that if we lose at the same time the primary database and the master observer, no fast-start failover will be initiated.<\/p>\n

Let\u2019s represent this by some configurations
\nCase1<\/b>: Master observer and primary database are located in the same datacenter
\n\"observer1\"<\/a>
\nFast Start Failover will not occur if we lose Primary Datacenter<\/p>\n

Case2<\/b>: Master observer and primary database are located in different datacenters
\n\"observer2\"<\/a>
\nFast Start Failover will occur if we lose Primary datacenter<\/p>\n

Case3<\/b>: Master observer and primary database are located in different datacenters
\n\"observer3\"<\/a>
\nFast Start Failover will occur if we lose Primary datacenter<\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/b>: Support of multiple observers is a very nice feature. When using this feature, master observer and primary database should not be located in the same datacenter<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

By Mouhamadou Diaw With Oracle 12cR2 it is now possible to configure multiple observers within a single Oracle Data Guard broker configuration. Multiple observers provide an immediate benefit for High Availability. If one observer fails, there are additional observers that can continue to monitor the status of the configuration. In this blog we are going […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":9665,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[229],"tags":[221,988],"type_dbi":[],"class_list":["post-9661","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-database-administration-monitoring","tag-data-guard","tag-oracle-12-2"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nDataguard Oracle 12.2 : Support for Multiple Observers - dbi Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Oracle 12.2, dataguard, high availability\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Dataguard Oracle 12.2 : Support for Multiple Observers\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Oracle 12.2, dataguard, high availability\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"dbi Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2017-01-10T16:53:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-06-08T14:16:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/observer1-1.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"840\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"322\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Oracle Team\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Oracle Team\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Oracle Team\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/66ab87129f2d357f09971bc7936a77ee\"},\"headline\":\"Dataguard Oracle 12.2 : Support for Multiple Observers\",\"datePublished\":\"2017-01-10T16:53:01+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-06-08T14:16:56+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":513,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2022\\\/04\\\/observer1-1.png\",\"keywords\":[\"Data Guard\",\"Oracle 12.2\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Database Administration & Monitoring\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/dataguard-oracle-12-2-support-for-multiple-observers\\\/\",\"name\":\"Dataguard Oracle 12.2 : Support for Multiple Observers - 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