{"id":4946,"date":"2015-06-12T10:17:22","date_gmt":"2015-06-12T08:17:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/can-you-have-pending-system-statistics\/"},"modified":"2015-06-12T10:17:22","modified_gmt":"2015-06-12T08:17:22","slug":"can-you-have-pending-system-statistics","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/can-you-have-pending-system-statistics\/","title":{"rendered":"Can you have pending system statistics?"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>By Franck Pachot<\/h2>\n<p>.<br \/>\nYour system statistics seems to be wrong and you want to gather or set more relevant ones. But you don&#8217;t want to see all your application execution plans changing between nested loops and hash joins. For object statistics, we can gather statistics in a pending mode, test them in a few sessions, and publish them when we are ok with them. But for system statistics, can you do the same? It can be risky to try it, so I&#8217;ve done it for you in my lab.<\/p>\n<h3>Test case in 11g<\/h3>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; select banner from v$version where rownum=1;\n\nBANNER\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nOracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.2.0 - Production\n\nSQL&gt; create table DEMO as\n           select rownum id , ora_hash(rownum,10) a , ora_hash(rownum,10) b , lpad('x',650,'x') c \n           from xmltable('1 to 100000');\n\nTable created.\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Here are my system statistics:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; select '' savtime,sname,pname,pval1,pval2 from sys.aux_stats$ where pval1 is not null or pval2\nis not null order by 1,2 desc,3;\n\nSAVTIME              SNAME            PNAME           PVAL1 PVAL2\n-------------------- ---------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    CPUSPEEDNW       2719\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    IOSEEKTIM          10\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    IOTFRSPEED       4096\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    DSTART                06-10-2015 08:11\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    DSTOP                 06-10-2015 08:11\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    FLAGS               0\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    STATUS                COMPLETED\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>I check a full table scan cost:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; set autotrace trace explain\nSQL&gt; select * from DEMO DEMO1;\n\nExecution Plan\n----------------------------------------------------------\nPlan hash value: 4000794843\n\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      | 88550 |    30M|  2752   (1)| 00:00:34 |\n|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| DEMO | 88550 |    30M|  2752   (1)| 00:00:34 |\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>No surprise here. I&#8217;ve 10000 blocks in my tables, SREATDIM= IOSEEKTIM + db_block_size \/ IOTFRSPEED= 12 ms and MREADTIM= IOSEEKTIM + db_block_size * MBRC \/ IOTFRSPEED = 26 ms. Then the cost based on a MBRC of 8 is ( 26 * 10000 \/ 8 ) \/ 12 = 2700<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Pending stats in 11g<\/h3>\n<p>I set &#8216;PUBLISH&#8217; to false in order to have pending statistics:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; exec dbms_stats.SET_GLOBAL_PREFS('PUBLISH', 'FALSE') ;\n\nPL\/SQL procedure successfully completed.\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Then I set some system statistics manually to simulate a fast storage:<\/p>\n<pre><code>17:14:38 SQL&gt; exec dbms_stats.set_system_stats('IOSEEKTIM',1);\n\nPL\/SQL procedure successfully completed.\n\n17:14:38 SQL&gt; exec dbms_stats.set_system_stats('IOTFRSPEED','204800');\n\nPL\/SQL procedure successfully completed.<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>and I run the same explain plan:<\/p>\n<pre><code>Execution Plan\n----------------------------------------------------------\nPlan hash value: 4000794843\n\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      | 88550 |    30M|  1643   (2)| 00:00:02 |\n|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| DEMO | 88550 |    30M|  1643   (2)| 00:00:02 |\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>The cost is better. I&#8217;m not using pending statistics, which means that the published stats have been changed &#8211; despie the PUBLISH global preference set to FALSE:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; select '' savtime,sname,pname,pval1,pval2 from sys.aux_stats$ where pval1 is not null or pval2 i\ns not null order by 1,2 desc,3;\n\nSAVTIME              SNAME            PNAME           PVAL1 PVAL2\n-------------------- ---------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    CPUSPEEDNW       2719\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    IOSEEKTIM 1\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    IOTFRSPEED 204800\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    DSTART                06-10-2015 08:14\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    DSTOP                 06-10-2015 08:14\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    FLAGS               1\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    STATUS                COMPLETED\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>As you see, the SYS.AUX_STATS$ show my modified values (note that the date\/time did not change by the way). So be careful, when you set or gather or delete system statistics in 11g you don&#8217;t have the pending\/publish mechanism. It&#8217;s the kind of change that may have a wide impact changing all your execution plans.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>With the values I&#8217;ve set the SREADTIM is near 1 ms and MREADTIM is about 1.3 ms so the cost is ( 1.3 * 10000 \/ 8 ) \/ 1 = 1625 which is roughly what has been calculated by the CBO on my new not-so-pending statistics.<\/p>\n<h3>12c<\/h3>\n<p>If you look at 12c you will see new procedures in dbms_stats which suggest that you can have pending system statistics:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; select banner from v$version where rownum=1;\n\nBANNER\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nOracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production\n\nSQL&gt; select procedure_name from dba_procedures where object_name='DBMS_STATS' and procedure_name like '%PENDIN\nG_SYSTEM_STATS';\n\nPROCEDURE_NAME\n--------------------------------------------\nDELETE_PENDING_SYSTEM_STATS\nEXPORT_PENDING_SYSTEM_STATS\nPUBLISH_PENDING_SYSTEM_STATS\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>but be careful, they are not documented. Let&#8217;s try it anyway. I start as I did above, with a demo table and default statistics:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; select '' savtime,sname,pname,pval1,pval2 from sys.aux_stats$ where pval1 is not null or pval2 is not nul\nl order by 1,2 desc,3;\n\nSAVTIME              SNAME            PNAME           PVAL1 PVAL2\n-------------------- ---------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    CPUSPEEDNW       2725\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    IOSEEKTIM          10\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    IOTFRSPEED       4096\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    DSTART                06-10-2015 17:25\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    DSTOP                 06-10-2015 17:25\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    FLAGS               0\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    STATUS                COMPLETED\n\nSQL&gt; set autotrace trace explain\nSQL&gt; select * from DEMO DEMO1;\n\nExecution Plan\n----------------------------------------------------------\nPlan hash value: 4000794843\n\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      | 80500 |    28M|  2752   (1)| 00:00:01 |\n|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| DEMO | 80500 |    28M|  2752   (1)| 00:00:01 |\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>I set PUBLISH to false and set manual system stats:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; exec dbms_stats.SET_GLOBAL_PREFS('PUBLISH', 'FALSE') ;\n\nPL\/SQL procedure successfully completed.\n\nSQL&gt; exec dbms_stats.set_system_stats('IOSEEKTIM',1);\n\nPL\/SQL procedure successfully completed.\n\nSQL&gt; exec dbms_stats.set_system_stats('IOTFRSPEED','204800');\n\nPL\/SQL procedure successfully completed.\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>and I check the SYS.AUX_STATS$ table:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; select '' savtime,sname,pname,pval1,pval2 from sys.aux_stats$ where pval1 is not null or pval2 is not nul\nl order by 1,2 desc,3;\n\nSAVTIME              SNAME            PNAME           PVAL1 PVAL2\n-------------------- ---------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    CPUSPEEDNW       2725\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    IOSEEKTIM          10\n                     SYSSTATS_MAIN    IOTFRSPEED       4096\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    DSTART                06-10-2015 17:25\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    DSTOP                 06-10-2015 17:25\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    FLAGS               0\n                     SYSSTATS_INFO    STATUS                COMPLETED\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Good ! I still have the previous values here. The new stats have not been published.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The pending stats are stored in the history table, with a date in the future:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; select savtime,sname,pname,pval1,pval2 from sys.wri$_optstat_aux_history where pval1 is not null or pval2\n is not null and savtime&gt;sysdate-30\/24\/60\/60 order by 1,2 desc,3;\n\nSAVTIME              SNAME            PNAME           PVAL1 PVAL2\n-------------------- ---------------- ---------- ---------- --------------------\n01-dec-3000 01:00:00 SYSSTATS_MAIN    CPUSPEEDNW       2725\n01-dec-3000 01:00:00 SYSSTATS_MAIN IOSEEKTIM 10\n01-dec-3000 01:00:00 SYSSTATS_MAIN IOTFRSPEED 204800\n01-dec-3000 01:00:00 SYSSTATS_INFO    DSTART                06-10-2015 17:29\n01-dec-3000 01:00:00 SYSSTATS_INFO    DSTOP                 06-10-2015 17:29\n01-dec-3000 01:00:00 SYSSTATS_INFO    FLAGS               1\n01-dec-3000 01:00:00 SYSSTATS_INFO    STATUS                COMPLETED\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>That&#8217;s perfect. It seems that I can gather system statistics without publishing them. And I don&#8217;t care about the Y3K bug yet.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>12c use pending stats = true<\/h3>\n<p>First, I&#8217;ll check that a session can use the pending stats if chosen explicitly:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; alter session set optimizer_use_pending_statistics=true;\n\nSession altered.\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>the I run the query:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; set autotrace trace explain\nSQL&gt; select * from DEMO DEMO2;\n\nExecution Plan\n----------------------------------------------------------\nPlan hash value: 4000794843\n\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      | 80500 |    28M|  1308   (1)| 00:00:01 |\n|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| DEMO | 80500 |    28M|  1308   (1)| 00:00:01 |\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Cost is lower. This is exacly what I expected with my new &#8211; unpublished &#8211; statistics. Good. I don&#8217;t know what it&#8217;s lower than in 11g. Maybe the formula has changed. This is another place for comments \ud83d\ude09<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>12c use pending stats = false<\/h3>\n<p>Ok I checked that the published statistics are the same as before, but let&#8217;s try to use them:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; alter session set optimizer_use_pending_statistics=false;\n\nSession altered.\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>and once again run the same query:<\/p>\n<pre><code>SQL&gt; set autotrace trace explain\n\nSQL&gt; select * from DEMO DEMO3;\n\nExecution Plan\n----------------------------------------------------------\nPlan hash value: 4000794843\n\n----------------------------------------------------------\n| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost  |\n----------------------------------------------------------\n|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      | 80500 |    28M|  1541 |\n|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| DEMO | 80500 |    28M|  1541 |\n----------------------------------------------------------\n\nNote\n-----\n   - cpu costing is off (consider enabling it)\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>Oh. There is a problem here. &#8216;cpu costing is off&#8217; means that there are no system statistics. The cost has been calculated as it were in old versions whithout system statistics. This is bad. I have gathered pending statistics, not published, but all sessions have their costing changed now.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>10053<\/h3>\n<p>Just a look at the 10053 trace show that I have a problem:<\/p>\n<pre><code>-----------------------------\nSYSTEM STATISTICS INFORMATION\n-----------------------------\nSystem Stats are INVALID.\n...\n  Table: DEMO  Alias: DEMO3\n    Card: Original: 80500.000000  Rounded: 80500  Computed: 80500.000000  Non Adjusted: 80500.000000\n  Scan IO  Cost (Disk) =   1541.000000\n  Scan CPU Cost (Disk) =   0.000000\n  Total Scan IO  Cost  =   1541.000000 (scan (Disk))\n                       =   1541.000000\n  Total Scan CPU  Cost =   0.000000 (scan (Disk))\n                       =   0.000000\n  Access Path: TableScan\n    Cost:  1541.000000  Resp: 1541.000000  Degree: 0\n      Cost_io: 1541.000000  Cost_cpu: 0\n      Resp_io: 1541.000000  Resp_cpu: 0\n  Best:: AccessPath: TableScan\n         Cost: 1541.000000  Degree: 1  Resp: 1541.000000  Card: 80500.000000  Bytes: 0.000000\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>It seems that with pending statistics the optimizer can&#8217;t simply get the published values, and falls back as if there were no system statistics. This is a bug obviously. I&#8217;ve not used the undocumented new functions. They were used in the background, but it&#8217;s totally supported to set PUBLISH to FALSE and the gather system statistics. The behavior should be either the same as in 11g &#8211; publishing the gathered stats &#8211; or gathering into pending stats only and session continue to use the published ones by default.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>Conclusion<\/h3>\n<p>In 11g, be careful, system statistic changes are always published.<\/p>\n<p>In 12c, don&#8217;t gather system statistics when PUBLISH is set to false. We can expect that nice new feature in further versions, but for the moment it messes up everything. I&#8217;ll not open an SR yet but hope it&#8217;ll be fixed in future versions.<\/p>\n<h3>update<\/h3>\n<p>Further investigations done by Stefan Koehler on this twitter conversation:<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-width=\"550\" data-dnt=\"true\">\n<p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">My latest blog post is about pending system statistics. <a href=\"https:\/\/t.co\/yJ0NSfmS6g\">https:\/\/t.co\/yJ0NSfmS6g<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&mdash; Franck Pachot (@FranckPachot) <a href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/FranckPachot\/status\/608727297672228864?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 10, 2015<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/platform.x.com\/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"><\/script><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Franck Pachot . Your system statistics seems to be wrong and you want to gather or set more relevant ones. But you don&#8217;t want to see all your application execution plans changing between nested loops and hash joins. For object statistics, we can gather statistics in a pending mode, test them in a few&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4133,59],"tags":[209,67],"class_list":["post-4946","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database","category-oracle","tag-oracle-12c","tag-performance"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Can you have pending system statistics? 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