{"id":43935,"date":"2026-04-17T08:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-04-17T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/?p=43935"},"modified":"2026-04-17T08:00:00","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T06:00:00","slug":"postgresql-19-online-enabling-of-data-checksums","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/postgresql-19-online-enabling-of-data-checksums\/","title":{"rendered":"PostgreSQL 19: Online enabling of data checksums"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Since PostgreSQL 18 was released last year checksums are enabled by default when a new cluster is initialized. This also means, that you either need to explicitly disable that when you upgrade from a previous version of PostgreSQL or you need to enable this in the old version of PostgreSQL you want to upgrade from. The reason is, that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/current\/pgupgrade.html\">pg_upgrade<\/a> will complain if the old and new version of PostgreSQL do not have the same setting for this.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Enabling and disabling checksums in offline mode can be done since several versions of PostgreSQL using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/current\/app-pgchecksums.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">pg_checksums<\/a>, but as mentioned: This will not work if the cluster is running:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1,3,9]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npostgres@:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;181] pg_checksums --version\npg_checksums (PostgreSQL) 18.1 \npostgres@:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;181] pg_checksums --pgdata=$PGDATA\nChecksum operation completed\nFiles scanned:   966\nBlocks scanned:  2969\nBad checksums:  0\nData checksum version: 1  -&gt; This means &quot;enabled&quot;\npostgres@:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;181] pg_checksums --pgdata=$PGDATA --disable\npg_checksums: error: cluster must be shut down\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Even in PostgreSQL 19 this is still same: You cannot use pg_checksum to enable or disable checksums while the cluster is running.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What will change in version 19 is that two new functions have been added, one for enabling checksums and one for disabling checksums:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: sql; highlight: [1]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npostgres=# \\dfS *checksums*\n                                                        List of functions\n   Schema   |           Name            | Result data type |                     Argument data types                      | Type \n------------+---------------------------+------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------+------\n pg_catalog | pg_disable_data_checksums | void             |                                                              | func\n pg_catalog | pg_enable_data_checksums  | void             | cost_delay integer DEFAULT 0, cost_limit integer DEFAULT 100 | func\n(2 rows)\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As mentioned in the <a href=\"https:\/\/git.postgresql.org\/gitweb\/?p=postgresql.git;a=commitdiff;h=f19c0eccae9680f5785b11cdc58ef571998caec9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">commit message<\/a> this is implemented by background workers and to actually see those processes on the operating system lets create some data so the workers really have something to do:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: sql; highlight: [1,3]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npostgres=# create table t ( a int, b text, c timestamptz );\nCREATE TABLE\npostgres=# insert into t select i, md5(i::text), now() from generate_series(1,10000000) i;\nINSERT 0 10000000\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As this is version 19 of PostgreSQL currently checksum are enabled:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: sql; highlight: [1]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npostgres=# show data_checksums;\n data_checksums \n----------------\n on\n(1 row)\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To disable that online, pg_disable_data_checksums is the function to use:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: sql; highlight: [1,7]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npostgres=# select * from pg_disable_data_checksums();\n pg_disable_data_checksums \n---------------------------\n \n(1 row)\n\npostgres=# show data_checksums;\n data_checksums \n----------------\n off\n(1 row)\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To enable checksums online pg_enable_data_checksums is the function to use. If you want to see the background workers you might grep for that in a second session on the operating system:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: sql; highlight: [2,8,15]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\n-- first session, connected to PostgreSQL\npostgres=# select pg_enable_data_checksums();\n pg_enable_data_checksums \n--------------------------\n \n(1 row)\n\npostgres=# show data_checksums ;\n data_checksums \n----------------\n on\n(1 row)\n\n-- second session, on the OS\npostgres@:\/home\/postgres\/postgresql\/ &#x5B;pgdev] watch &quot;ps -ef | grep checksum | grep -v watch&quot;\nEvery 2.0s: ps -ef | grep checksum | grep -v watch                                                                                                                                                    pgbox.it.dbi-services.com: 09:49:20 AM\n                                                                                                                                                                                                                               in 0.006s (0)\npostgres    4931    2510  0 09:49 ?        00:00:00 postgres: pgdev: datachecksum launcher\npostgres    4932    2510 25 09:49 ?        00:00:00 postgres: pgdev: datachecksum worker\npostgres    4964    4962  0 09:49 pts\/2    00:00:00 grep checksum\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Because enabling the checksum comes with some overhead there is throttling control as it is already the case for autovacuum:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: sql; highlight: [1]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npostgres=# select pg_enable_data_checksums(cost_delay=&gt;1,cost_limit=&gt;3000);\n pg_enable_data_checksums \n--------------------------\n \n(1 row)\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Very nice, thanks to all involved.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Since PostgreSQL 18 was released last year checksums are enabled by default when a new cluster is initialized. This also means, that you either need to explicitly disable that when you upgrade from a previous version of PostgreSQL or you need to enable this in the old version of PostgreSQL you want to upgrade from.&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4133],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43935","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>PostgreSQL 19: Online enabling of data checksums - dbi services | Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/postgresql-19-online-enabling-of-data-checksums\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PostgreSQL 19: Online enabling of data checksums\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Since PostgreSQL 18 was released last year checksums are enabled by default when a new cluster is initialized. 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