{"id":4247,"date":"2014-12-28T18:59:38","date_gmt":"2014-12-28T17:59:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/create-schema-synonym-in-oracle-unsupported-feature\/"},"modified":"2014-12-28T18:59:38","modified_gmt":"2014-12-28T17:59:38","slug":"create-schema-synonym-in-oracle-unsupported-feature","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/create-schema-synonym-in-oracle-unsupported-feature\/","title":{"rendered":"Creating a schema synonym in Oracle – an unsupported feature"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Franck Pachot<\/h2>\n

.
\nIvica Arsov (@IvicaArsov<\/a>) has made an interesting comment<\/a> about AUDIT_ACTIONS object link table. I’ll blog about it soon, but in the meantime when checking its definition in cataudit.sql it came upon the following:<\/p>\n

\/* SCHEMA SYNONYMS will be added in 12g *\/\n-- insert into audit_actions values (222, 'CREATE SCHEMA SYNONYM');\n-- insert into audit_actions values (224, 'DROP SCHEMA SYNONYM');\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
which caught my attention.<\/p>\n
So this blog post is not about mulitenant but about Schema Synonyms. There are a lot of internal references to 12g’ written when the ‘c’ was not yet decided. But that feature is not yet supported: its implementation has probably been postponed again. But that’s not a reason not to try it – in lab only of course.<\/p>\n
Let’s give a try to the syntax:<\/p>\n
SQL> create schema synonym DEMO2 for DEMO;\ncreate schema synonym DEMO2 for DEMO\n              *\nERROR at line 1:\nORA-00901: invalid CREATE command\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Undocumented parameter<\/h3>\n
Doesn’t work. But there is an undocumented parameter:<\/p>\n
SQL> select ksppinm, ksppstvl from x$ksppi a, x$ksppsv b where a.indx=b.indx and ksppinm like '%schema%synonym%';\n\nKSPPINM                   KSPPSTVL\n------------------------- ----------\n_enable_schema_synonyms   FALSE\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Ok, let’s go:<\/p>\n
SQL> connect sys\/oracle as sysdba\nConnected.\n\nSQL> alter system set \"_enable_schema_synonyms\" = true scope=spfile;\nSystem altered.\n\nSQL> startup force;\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
So I have a DEMO schema:<\/p>\n
SQL> select user_id,username from dba_users where username like 'DEMO%';\n\n   USER_ID USERNAME\n---------- --------------------\n       111 DEMO\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
which is type 1 in user$ (type 0 is for roles):<\/code><\/pre>\n
SQL> select user#,name,type#,ctime from sys.user$ where name like 'DEMO%';\n\n     USER# NAME               TYPE# CTIME\n---------- ------------- ---------- ---------\n       111 DEMO                   1 09-NOV-14<\/code><\/pre>\n
And I create a synonym DEMO2 for it:<\/p>\n
SQL> create schema synonym DEMO2 for DEMO;\nSchema synonym created.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
It’s not a user:<\/p>\n
SQL> select user_id,username from dba_users where username like 'DEMO%';\n\n   USER_ID USERNAME\n---------- --------------------\n       111 DEMO\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
but it’s another entry in user$ with type 3 which is for schema synonyms:<\/p>\n
SQL> select user#,name,type#,ctime,spare2 from sys.user$ where name like 'DEMO%';\n\n     USER# NAME            TYPE# CTIME         SPARE2\n---------- ---------- ---------- --------- ----------\n       111 DEMO                1 09-NOV-14\n       159 DEMO2               3 28-DEC-14        111\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
I’ve selected the SPARE2 because this is where the link to the target schema of the synonym is stored.<\/p>\n
Usage<\/h3>\n
I can create a table using the schema synonym:<\/p>\n
SQL> create table DEMO2.MYTABLE as select * from dual;\nTable created.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
and query it from both:<\/p>\n
SQL> select * from DEMO2.MYTABLE;\n\nD\n-\nX\n\nSQL> select * from DEMO.MYTABLE;\n\nD\n-\nX\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
the execution plan show the schema synonym DEMO2 as the object owner:<\/p>\n
SQL> explain plan for select * from DEMO2.MYTABLE;\nExplained.\n\nSQL> select operation,object_owner,object_name,object_type from plan_table order by id;\n\nOPERATION            OBJECT_OWN OBJECT_NAM OBJECT_TYP\n-------------------- ---------- ---------- ----------\nSELECT STATEMENT\nTABLE ACCESS         DEMO2      MYTABLE    TABLE\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
and the rowid shows that data comes from the DEMO table:<\/p>\n
SQL> select rowid, dbms_rowid.rowid_object(rowid),MYTABLE.* from DEMO2.MYTABLE;\n\nROWID                   DBMS_ROWID.ROWID_OBJECT(ROWID) D\n------------------ ------------------------------ -\nAAAXaYAAGAAAuGbAAA                            95896 X\n\nSQL> select owner,object_name,object_id,data_object_id from dba_objects where object_name = 'MYTABLE';\n\nOWNER           OBJECT_NAM  OBJECT_ID DATA_OBJECT_ID\n---------- ---------- ---------- --------------\nDEMO           MYTABLE           95896          95896\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
The locks are acquired on the base object:<\/p>\n
SQL> select * from DEMO2.MYTABLE for update;\n\nD\n-\nX\n\nSQL> select object_id,locked_mode from v$locked_object;\n\n OBJECT_ID LOCKED_MODE\n---------- -----------\n     95896           3\n\nSQL> select owner,object_name,object_id from dba_objects where object_name = 'MYTABLE';\n\nOWNER      OBJECT_NAM  OBJECT_ID\n---------- ---------- ----------\nDEMO         MYTABLE       95896\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Limits<\/h3>\n
We can use the schema synonym as the default prefix:<\/p>\n
SQL> alter session set current_schema=DEMO2;\nSession altered.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
and we cannot drop it when the underlying user is connected:<\/p>\n
SQL> connect DEMO\/demo;\nConnected.\nSQL> drop schema synonym DEMO2;\ndrop schema synonym DEMO2\n*\nERROR at line 1:\nORA-42297: cannot drop a schema synonym for a schema of a user who is currently\nconnected\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
we cannot create synonyms for system schemas:<\/p>\n
SQL> create schema synonym ROOT for SYS;\ncreate schema synonym ROOT for SYS\n                               *\nERROR at line 1:\nORA-42288: may not create a schema synonym for the specified schema\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
and schema synonyms is in the same namespace as users and roles:<\/p>\n
SQL> create role DEMO2;\ncreate role DEMO2\n            *\nERROR at line 1:\nORA-42294: role name conflicts with another user, role or schema synonym name\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Those new error messages include ‘or schema synonym name’ when the “_enable_schema_synonyms” is enabled.<\/p>\n
Don’t use it!<\/h3>\n
Now playing with undocumented stuff comes with unexpected behaviour:<\/p>\n
SQL> truncate table DEMO2.MYTABLE;\nTable truncated.\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
I’ve truncated the table using the synonym, then let’s select from it though the synonym or with the real schema:<\/p>\n
SQL> select * from DEMO2.MYTABLE;\nno rows selected\n\nSQL> select * from DEMO.MYTABLE;\nselect * from DEMO.MYTABLE\n*\nERROR at line 1:\nORA-08103: object no longer exists\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Ok it seems that some invalidations didn’t follow the synonyms…
\nLet’s try to flush the shared pool:<\/p>\n
SQL> alter system flush shared_pool;\nSystem altered.\n\nSQL> select * from DEMO.MYTABLE;\nno rows selected\n\nSQL> select * from DEMO2.MYTABLE;\nno rows selected\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
This is what happens when we use features that are not totally implemented…<\/p>\n
That feature is not yet totally implemented. Do you have a need for it? then maybe create an OTN database idea<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
By Franck Pachot . Ivica Arsov (@IvicaArsov) has made an interesting comment about AUDIT_ACTIONS object link table. I’ll blog about it soon, but in the meantime when checking its definition in cataudit.sql it came upon the following: \/* SCHEMA SYNONYMS will be added in 12g *\/ — insert into audit_actions values (222, ‘CREATE SCHEMA SYNONYM’);… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4133,59],"tags":[522],"class_list":["post-4247","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database","category-oracle","tag-undocumented"],"yoast_head":"\nCreating a schema synonym in Oracle - 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