{"id":32657,"date":"2024-04-18T18:57:10","date_gmt":"2024-04-18T16:57:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/?p=32657"},"modified":"2024-04-18T18:57:10","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T16:57:10","slug":"another-file-system-for-linux-bcachefs-2-multi-device-file-systems","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/another-file-system-for-linux-bcachefs-2-multi-device-file-systems\/","title":{"rendered":"Another file system for Linux: bcachefs (2) \u2013 multi device file systems"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/another-file-system-for-linux-bcachefs-1-basics\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">last post<\/a>, we&#8217;ve looked at the very basics when it comes to bcachefs, a new file system which was added to the Linux kernel starting from version 6.7. While we&#8217;ve already seen how easy it is to create a new file system using a single device, encrypt and\/or compress it and that check summing of meta data and user data is enabled by default, there is much more you can do with bcachefs. In this post we&#8217;ll look at how you can work with a file system that spans multiple devices, which is quite common in today&#8217;s infrastructures.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">When we looked at the devices available to the system in the last post, it looked like this:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ lsblk | grep -w &quot;4G&quot;\n\u2514\u2500vda3 254:3    0  1.4G  0 part &#x5B;SWAP]\nvdb    254:16   0    4G  0 disk \nvdc    254:32   0    4G  0 disk \nvdd    254:48   0    4G  0 disk \nvde    254:64   0    4G  0 disk \nvdf    254:80   0    4G  0 disk \nvdg    254:96   0    4G  0 disk \n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This means we have six unused block devices to play with. Lets start again with the most simple case, one device, one file system:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: plain; highlight: [1,2,3]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ bcachefs format --force \/dev\/vdb\ntumbleweed:~ $ mount \/dev\/vdb \/mnt\/dummy\/\ntumbleweed:~ $ df -h | grep dummy\n\/dev\/vdb        3.7G  2.0M  3.6G   1% \/mnt\/dummy\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Assuming we&#8217;re running out of space on that file system and we want to add another device, how does work? <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1,2]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ bcachefs device add \/mnt\/dummy\/ \/dev\/vdc\ntumbleweed:~ $ df -h | grep dummy\n\/dev\/vdb:\/dev\/vdc  7.3G  2.0M  7.2G   1% \/mnt\/dummy\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Quite easy, and no separate step required to extend the file system, this was done automatically which is quite nice. You can even go a step further and specify how large the file system should be on the new device (which doesn&#8217;t make much sense in this case):<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: plain; highlight: [1,2]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ bcachefs device add --fs_size=4G \/mnt\/dummy\/ \/dev\/vdd \ntumbleweed:~ $ df -h | grep mnt\n\/dev\/vdb:\/dev\/vdc:\/dev\/vdd   11G  2.0M   11G   1% \/mnt\/dummy\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Let&#8217;s remove this configuration and then create a file system with multiple devices right from the beginning:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ bcachefs format --force \/dev\/vdb \/dev\/vdc\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Now we formatted two devices at once, which is great, but how can we mount that? This will obviously not work:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ mount \/dev\/vdb \/dev\/vdc \/mnt\/dummy\/\nmount: bad usage\nTry &#039;mount --help&#039; for more information.\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The syntax is a bit different, so either do it it with &#8220;mount&#8221;:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1,2]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ mount -t bcachefs \/dev\/vdb:\/dev\/vdc \/mnt\/dummy\/\ntumbleweed:~ $ df -h | grep dummy\n\/dev\/vdb:\/dev\/vdc  7.3G  2.0M  7.2G   1% \/mnt\/dummy\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">&#8230; or use the &#8220;bcachefs&#8221; utility using the same syntax for the list of devices:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1,2,3]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ umount \/mnt\/dummy \ntumbleweed:~ $ bcachefs mount \/dev\/vdb:\/dev\/vdc \/mnt\/dummy\/\ntumbleweed:~ $ df -h | grep dummy\n\/dev\/vdb:\/dev\/vdc  7.3G  2.0M  7.2G   1% \/mnt\/dummy\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">What is a bit annoying is, that you need to know which devices you can still add, as you won&#8217;t see this in the &#8220;lsblk&#8221; output&#8221;:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ lsblk | grep -w &quot;4G&quot;\n\u2514\u2500vda3 254:3    0  1.4G  0 part &#x5B;SWAP]\nvdb    254:16   0    4G  0 disk \/mnt\/dummy\nvdc    254:32   0    4G  0 disk \nvdd    254:48   0    4G  0 disk \nvde    254:64   0    4G  0 disk \nvdf    254:80   0    4G  0 disk \nvdg    254:96   0    4G  0 disk \n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You do see it, however in the &#8220;df -h&#8221; output:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ df -h | grep dummy\n\/dev\/vdb:\/dev\/vdc  7.3G  2.0M  7.2G   1% \/mnt\/dummy\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Another way to get those details is once more to use the &#8220;bcachefs&#8221; utility:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1,8,9]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\ntumbleweed:~ $ bcachefs fs usage \/mnt\/dummy\/\nFilesystem: d6f85f8f-dc12-4e83-8547-6fa8312c8eca\nSize:                     7902739968\nUsed:                       76021760\nOnline reserved:                   0\n\nData type       Required\/total  Durability    Devices\nbtree:          1\/1             1             &#x5B;vdb]                1048576\nbtree:          1\/1             1             &#x5B;vdc]                1048576\n\n(no label) (device 0):           vdb              rw\n                                data         buckets    fragmented\n  free:                   4256956416           16239\n  sb:                        3149824              13        258048\n  journal:                  33554432             128\n  btree:                     1048576               4\n  user:                            0               0\n  cached:                          0               0\n  parity:                          0               0\n  stripe:                          0               0\n  need_gc_gens:                    0               0\n  need_discard:                    0               0\n  capacity:               4294967296           16384\n\n(no label) (device 1):           vdc              rw\n                                data         buckets    fragmented\n  free:                   4256956416           16239\n  sb:                        3149824              13        258048\n  journal:                  33554432             128\n  btree:                     1048576               4\n  user:                            0               0\n  cached:                          0               0\n  parity:                          0               0\n  stripe:                          0               0\n  need_gc_gens:                    0               0\n  need_discard:                    0               0\n  capacity:               4294967296           16384\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Note that shrinking a file system on a device is currently not supported, only growing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the next post we&#8217;ll look at how you can mirror your data across multiple devices.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In the last post, we&#8217;ve looked at the very basics when it comes to bcachefs, a new file system which was added to the Linux kernel starting from version 6.7. While we&#8217;ve already seen how easy it is to create a new file system using a single device, encrypt and\/or compress it and that check&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4133,42],"tags":[3339,73],"class_list":["post-32657","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database","category-operating-systems","tag-bcachefs","tag-linux"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.4 (Yoast SEO v28.7) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Another file system for Linux: bcachefs (2) \u2013 multi device file systems - dbi services | Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/another-file-system-for-linux-bcachefs-2-multi-device-file-systems\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Another file system for Linux: bcachefs (2) \u2013 multi device file systems\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"In the last post, we&#8217;ve looked at the very basics when it comes to bcachefs, a new file system which was added to the Linux kernel starting from version 6.7. 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