{"id":2933,"date":"2013-01-28T04:31:00","date_gmt":"2013-01-28T03:31:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/oracle-automatic-memory-management-monitoring-the-memory-usage\/"},"modified":"2013-01-28T04:31:00","modified_gmt":"2013-01-28T03:31:00","slug":"oracle-automatic-memory-management-monitoring-the-memory-usage","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/oracle-automatic-memory-management-monitoring-the-memory-usage\/","title":{"rendered":"Oracle Automatic Memory Management: real memory usage!"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>When using Automatic Memory Management for Oracle, it is sometimes difficult to monitor the memory usage and in particular to find the right tools to get the right information about currently allocated structures.<\/p>\n<p>The instance which will be analyzed has been configured with AMM (Automatic Memory Management) on Oracle Enterprise Linux 6.1.<br \/>\nThe current memory_target is set to 1 GB:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">SQL&gt; show parameter memory_target\n\nNAME\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 TYPE\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 VALUE\n------------------------------------ ----------- ------------\nmemory_target\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 big integer 1G<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>In order to use AMM, a tmps memory filesystem has been configured in the fstab with 3 GB.<\/p>\n<p>If you are using another Linux (i. e. SLES), have a look at this post to configure your \/dev\/shm:\u00a0<a href=\"\/configuration-of-tmpfs-on-sles-11-for-oracle-112-and-amm\">https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/index.php\/blog\/entry\/configuration-of-tmpfs-on-sles-11-for-oracle-112-and-amm<\/a><\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: actionscript3; gutter: true; first-line: 1\"><a href=\"mailto:oracle@srvora05:\/\/\">oracle@srvora05:\/\/<\/a> [WSDBA1] cat \/etc\/fstab | grep shm\ntmpfs\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/dev\/shm\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 tmpfs\u00a0\u00a0 defaults,size=3G\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0 0<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>While the instance is started, you will see that no &#8220;classical&#8221; shared memory has been allocated, at least not through the classical memory management mechanism (Oracle switched from SysV to POSIX-style shared memory). Therefore ipcs does not display any shared segment in the memory:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: actionscript3; gutter: true; first-line: 1\"><a href=\"mailto:oracle@srvora05:\/ORA-DBA-Essentials\/030_Administration\/CreateDatabase\/\">oracle@srvora05:\/ORA-DBA-Essentials\/030_Administration\/CreateDatabase\/<\/a> [WSDBA1] ipcs -m\n\n------ Shared Memory Segments --------\nkey\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 shmid\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 owner\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 perms\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 bytes\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 nattch\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 status\n0x00000000 294912\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 oracle\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 640\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4096\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n0x00000000 327681\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 oracle\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 640\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4096\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\n0x073b35e4 360450\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 oracle\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 640\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4096\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>To get the REAL FACTS about your current memory structure, first of all, refer to V$MEMORY_DYNAMIC_COMPONENTS:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: actionscript3; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">select component , CURRENT_SIZE , USER_SPECIFIED_SIZE\nfrom V$MEMORY_DYNAMIC_COMPONENTS\nwhere CURRENT_SIZE &gt; 0\n\/\n\nCOMPONENT\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CURRENT_SIZE USER_SPECIFIED_SIZE\n------------------------------ ------------ -------------------\nshared pool\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 209715200\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\nlarge pool\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4194304\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\njava pool\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4194304\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\nstreams pool\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 4194304\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\nSGA Target\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 700448768\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\nDEFAULT buffer cache\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 465567744\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\nPGA Target\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 373293056\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 0\n\n7 rows selected.<\/pre>\n<p>We currently have the following distribution:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>668 MB (700448768 bytes) allocated for the SGA (sga_target)\n<ul>\n<li>200 MB for the shared pool<\/li>\n<li>and 444 MB for the database buffer cache<\/li>\n<li>the rest for the other SGA pools<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>The PGA target has been sized by Oracle to 356 MB (373293056 bytes)<\/li>\n<li>The sum of these components corresponds to 1024 MB (1 GB), set through the memory_target<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>On the Operating System, the consumed space can be checked checked on the \/dev\/shm filesystem, it confirms the size of the SGA:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: actionscript3; gutter: true; first-line: 1\"><a href=\"mailto:oracle@srvora05:\/\/\">oracle@srvora05:\/\/<\/a> [WSDBA1] du -sh \/dev\/shm\n668M\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \/dev\/shm<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The PGA is private to each server process connecting to the instance, therefore it is the sum of all background processes (check with top, or ps).<br \/>\nWe can also check the currently allocated PGA through SQL (currently 160MB, less than half of the target):<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: actionscript3; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">select name , value from v$pgastat\nwhere name = 'total PGA allocated'\n\/\n\nNAME\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 VALUE\n------------------------- ----------\ntotal PGA allocated\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 168211456<\/pre>\n<p>&nbsp;<br \/>\nBe careful , &#8220;show sga&#8221; lies! The &#8220;Total System Global Area&#8221; considers the 668 MB of shared pool plus (!) the total amount of PGA. We have &#8220;variable size = current SGA + what could be stolen to the PGA&#8221;. Indeed, it considers that the variable size might grow up to 595592376 bytes, leading to a PGA reduction to 0! The information &#8220;Total System Global Area&#8221; must be interpreted with care!<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">SQL&gt; show sga\n\nTotal System Global Area 1068937216 bytes\nFixed Size\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 2235208 bytes\nVariable Size\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 595592376 bytes\nDatabase Buffers\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 465567744 bytes\nRedo Buffers\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 5541888 bytes<\/pre>\n<p>I hope this posting has helped you getting useful information on Automatic Memory Management for Oracle (AMM) and interpreting it correctly.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When using Automatic Memory Management for Oracle, it is sometimes difficult to monitor the memory usage and in particular to find the right tools to get the right information about currently allocated structures. The instance which will be analyzed has been configured with AMM (Automatic Memory Management) on Oracle Enterprise Linux 6.1. The current memory_target [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[198],"tags":[308,46,17],"type_dbi":[],"class_list":["post-2933","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database-management","tag-automatic-memory-management","tag-linux-unix","tag-oracle-11g"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Oracle Automatic Memory Management: real memory usage! - dbi Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"While using Oracle Automatic Memory Management for Oracle it is sometimes difficult to monitor the memory usage and in particular to find out the right tools to get the right information about the currently allocated structures. 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