{"id":22951,"date":"2023-02-24T09:13:53","date_gmt":"2023-02-24T08:13:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/?p=22951"},"modified":"2023-02-24T09:13:53","modified_gmt":"2023-02-24T08:13:53","slug":"more-compression-options-for-pg_dump-in-postgresql-16","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/more-compression-options-for-pg_dump-in-postgresql-16\/","title":{"rendered":"More compression options for pg_dump in PostgreSQL 16"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The last releases of PostgreSQL already introduced new options for compression, see <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/?post_type=post&amp;p=16012\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/?post_type=post&amp;p=259\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">here<\/a>. PostgreSQL 16 will build on top of that and will come with <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/LZ4_(compression_algorithm)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">LZ4<\/a> compression for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/devel\/app-pgdump.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">pg_dump<\/a>. As always, there is no better way of showing a feature than a small demo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To have something to dump, we&#8217;ll create a small database using <a href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/15\/pgbench.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">pgbench<\/a>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1,8]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] psql -c &quot;create database dump&quot; -c &quot;select version()&quot;\nCREATE DATABASE\n                                               version                                                \n------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n PostgreSQL 16devel on x86_64-pc-linux-gnu, compiled by gcc (Debian 10.2.1-6) 10.2.1 20210110, 64-bit\n(1 row)\n\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] pgbench -i -s 100 dump\ndropping old tables...\ncreating tables...\ngenerating data (client-side)...\n10000000 of 10000000 tuples (100%) done (elapsed 28.91 s, remaining 0.00 s)\nvacuuming...\ncreating primary keys...\ndone in 36.32 s (drop tables 0.00 s, create tables 0.02 s, client-side generate 29.17 s, vacuum 0.57 s, primary keys 6.56 s).\n\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Let&#8217;s dump that using the traditional way using gzip at the highest level:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1,2,7]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] mkdir \/var\/tmp\/dump\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] time pg_dump --format=d --compress=gzip:9 --file=\/var\/tmp\/dump\/gzip dump\n\nreal    0m12.332s\nuser    0m7.687s\nsys     0m0.271s\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] ls -lha \/var\/tmp\/dump\/gzip\/\ntotal 27M\ndrwx------ 2 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:02 .\ndrwxr-xr-x 3 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:02 ..\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres   25 Feb 24 09:02 3347.dat.gz\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres 1.8K Feb 24 09:02 3348.dat.gz\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres  27M Feb 24 09:02 3349.dat.gz\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres  208 Feb 24 09:02 3350.dat.gz\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:02 toc.dat\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This took around 12 seconds and the result is around 27MB. Let&#8217;s do the same using lz4:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1,6]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] time pg_dump --format=d --compress=lz4:9 --file=\/var\/tmp\/dump\/lz4 dump\n\nreal    0m10.803s\nuser    0m6.246s\nsys     0m0.271s\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] ls -lha \/var\/tmp\/dump\/lz4\ntotal 48M\ndrwx------ 2 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:06 .\ndrwxr-xr-x 4 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:06 ..\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres   20 Feb 24 09:06 3347.dat.lz4\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres 4.4K Feb 24 09:06 3348.dat.lz4\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres  48M Feb 24 09:06 3349.dat.lz4\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres  415 Feb 24 09:06 3350.dat.lz4\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:06 toc.dat\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This was a bit faster, but also took more space. How does it look like using a lower level?:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-syntaxhighlighter-code \"><pre class=\"brush: bash; highlight: [1,2,3,8,13,21]; title: ; notranslate\" title=\"\">\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] rm -rf \/var\/tmp\/dump\/lz4\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] rm -rf \/var\/tmp\/dump\/gzip\/\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] time pg_dump --format=d --compress=gzip:2 --file=\/var\/tmp\/dump\/gzip dump\n\nreal    0m7.819s\nuser    0m3.191s\nsys     0m0.203s\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] time pg_dump --format=d --compress=lz4:2 --file=\/var\/tmp\/dump\/lz4 dump\n\nreal    0m5.426s\nuser    0m0.906s\nsys     0m0.236s\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] ls -lha \/var\/tmp\/dump\/gzip\ntotal 28M\ndrwx------ 2 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:10 .\ndrwxr-xr-x 4 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:10 ..\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres   25 Feb 24 09:10 3347.dat.gz\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres 2.3K Feb 24 09:10 3348.dat.gz\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres  28M Feb 24 09:10 3349.dat.gz\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres  206 Feb 24 09:10 3350.dat.gz\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:10 toc.dat\npostgres@debian11pg:\/home\/postgres\/ &#x5B;pgdev] ls -lha \/var\/tmp\/dump\/lz4\/\ntotal 50M\ndrwx------ 2 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:10 .\ndrwxr-xr-x 4 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:10 ..\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres   20 Feb 24 09:10 3347.dat.lz4\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres 4.5K Feb 24 09:10 3348.dat.lz4\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres  50M Feb 24 09:10 3349.dat.lz4\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres  426 Feb 24 09:10 3350.dat.lz4\n-rw-r--r-- 1 postgres postgres 4.0K Feb 24 09:10 toc.dat\n<\/pre><\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The same story: gzip gives you a better compression but lz4 gives you faster compression. Now you have the choice.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The last releases of PostgreSQL already introduced new options for compression, see here and here. PostgreSQL 16 will build on top of that and will come with LZ4 compression for pg_dump. As always, there is no better way of showing a feature than a small demo. To have something to dump, we&#8217;ll create a small&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","neve_meta_reading_time":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[4133],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22951","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>More compression options for pg_dump in PostgreSQL 16 - dbi services | Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/more-compression-options-for-pg_dump-in-postgresql-16\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"More compression options for pg_dump in PostgreSQL 16\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The last releases of PostgreSQL already introduced new options for compression, see here and here. 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