{"id":2170,"date":"2014-07-28T11:44:08","date_gmt":"2014-07-28T09:44:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash\/"},"modified":"2014-07-28T11:44:08","modified_gmt":"2014-07-28T09:44:08","slug":"pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash\/","title":{"rendered":"PDB media failure may cause the whole CDB to crash"},"content":{"rendered":"

By Franck Pachot<\/h2>\n

.
\nDo you remember last year, when 12c arrived with multitenant, David Hueber warned us about the fact that a single PDB can, under certain conditions, generate a complete system downtime<\/a>? We are beta testers and opened a SR for that. Now one year later the first patchset is out and obviously I checked if the issue was fixed. It’s a patchset afterall, which is expected to fix issues before than bringing new features.<\/p>\n

So the issue was that when the SYSTEM tablespace is lost in a PDB, then we cannot restore it without shutting down the whole CDB. This is because we cannot take the SYSTEM tablespace offline, and we cannot close the PDB as a checkpoint cannot be done. There is no SHUTDOWN ABORT for a PDB that can force to it. Conclusion: if you loose one SYSTEM tablespace, either you accept to wait for a maintenance window before bring it back online, or you have to stop the whole CDB with a shutdown abort.<\/p>\n

When I receive a new release, I like to check new parameters, even the undocumented ones. And in 12.1.0.2 there is a new underscore parameter _enable_pdb_close_abort which has the description ‘Enable PDB shutdown abort (close abort)’. Great. It has a default value of false but maybe this is how the bug has been addressed.<\/p>\n

Before trying that parameter, let’s reproduce the case:<\/p>\n

Here are my datafiles:<\/p>\n

RMAN> report schema;\n\nusing target database control file instead of recovery catalog\nReport of database schema for database with db_unique_name CDB_SITE1\n\nList of Permanent Datafiles\n===========================\nFile Size(MB) Tablespace           RB segs Datafile Name\n---- -------- -------------------- ------- ------------------------\n1    790      SYSTEM               YES     \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/system01.dbf\n3    680      SYSAUX               NO      \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/sysaux01.dbf\n4    215      UNDOTBS1             YES     \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/undotbs01.dbf\n5    250      PDB$SEED:SYSTEM      NO      \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/pdbseed\/system01.dbf\n6    5        USERS                NO      \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/users01.dbf\n7    540      PDB$SEED:SYSAUX      NO      \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/pdbseed\/sysaux01.dbf\n8    250      PDB1:SYSTEM          NO      \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB1\/system01.dbf\n9    570      PDB1:SYSAUX          NO      \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB1\/sysaux01.dbf\n10   5        PDB1:USERS           NO      \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB1\/PDB1_users01.dbf\n11   250      PDB2:SYSTEM          NO      \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/system01.dbf\n12   570      PDB2:SYSAUX          NO      \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/sysaux01.dbf\n13   5        PDB2:USERS           NO      \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/PDB2_users01.dbf\n\nList of Temporary Files\n=======================\nFile Size(MB) Tablespace           Maxsize(MB) Tempfile Name\n---- -------- -------------------- ----------- --------------------\n1    197      TEMP                 32767       \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/temp01.dbf\n2    100      PDB$SEED:TEMP        32767       \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/pdbseed\/pdbseed_temp012014-06-15_09-46-11-PM.dbf\n3    20       PDB1:TEMP            32767       \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB1\/temp012014-06-15_09-46-11-PM.dbf\n4    20       PDB2:TEMP            32767       \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/temp012014-06-15_09-46-11-PM.dbf\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
then I just remove the PDB2 SYSTEM datafile:<\/p>\n
rm \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/system01.dbf \n<\/code><\/pre>\n
And I go to sqlplus in order to check the state of my pdb. Remeber, I want to see if I can restore the datafile without doing a shutdown abort on my CDB instance.<\/p>\n
SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Mon Jul 27 20:31:45 2014\n\nCopyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle.  All rights reserved.\n\nConnected to an idle instance.\n\nSQL> select name,open_mode from v$pdbs;\nselect name,open_mode from v$pdbs\n*\nERROR at line 1:\nORA-01034: ORACLE not available\nProcess ID: 0\nSession ID: 0 Serial number: 0\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
Oh… that’s bad… Let’s look at the alert.log:<\/p>\n
Errors in file \/u01\/app\/oracle\/diag\/rdbms\/cdb\/CDB\/trace\/CDB_ckpt_21620.trc:\nORA-01243: system tablespace file suffered media failure\nORA-01116: error in opening database file 11\nORA-01110: data file 11: '\/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/system01.dbf'\nORA-27041: unable to open file\nLinux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory\nAdditional information: 3\nUSER (ospid: 21620): terminating the instance due to error 1243\nSystem state dump requested by (instance=1, osid=21620 (CKPT)), summary=[abnormal instance termination].\nSystem State dumped to trace file \/u01\/app\/oracle\/diag\/rdbms\/cdb\/CDB\/trace\/CDB_diag_21608_20140727202844.trc\n2014-07-27 20:28:49.596000 +02:00\nInstance terminated by USER, pid = 21620\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
The CKPT process has terminated the instance. The whole CDB is down.<\/p>\n
That’s worse. In 12.1.0.1 we had to bring down the instance, but at least we were able to choose the time and warn the users. Not here. In 12.1.0.2 it crashes immediately when a checkpoint occurs.<\/p>\n
I’ve opened a bug for that (Bug 19001390 – PDB SYSTEM TABLESPACE MEDIA FAILURE CAUSES THE WHOLE CDB TO CRASH) which is expected to be fixed for the next release (12.2).<\/p>\n
Ok the good news is that once the CDB is down, recovery is straightforward:<\/p>\n
Recovery Manager: Release 12.1.0.2.0 - Production on Mon Jul 27 21:36:22 2014\n\nCopyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle and\/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.\n\nconnected to target database (not started)\n\nRMAN> startup\n\nOracle instance started\ndatabase mounted\ndatabase opened\n\nTotal System Global Area     838860800 bytes\n\nFixed Size                     2929936 bytes\nVariable Size                616565488 bytes\nDatabase Buffers             213909504 bytes\nRedo Buffers                   5455872 bytes\n\n\nRMAN> list failure;\n\nusing target database control file instead of recovery catalog\nDatabase Role: PRIMARY\n\nList of Database Failures\n=========================\n\nFailure ID Priority Status    Time Detected Summary\n---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------\n3353       CRITICAL OPEN      27-JUL-14     System datafile 11: '\/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/system01.dbf' is missing\n245        HIGH     OPEN      27-JUL-14     One or more non-system datafiles need media recovery\n\n\nRMAN> advise failure;\n\nDatabase Role: PRIMARY\n\nList of Database Failures\n=========================\n\nFailure ID Priority Status    Time Detected Summary\n---------- -------- --------- ------------- -------\n3353       CRITICAL OPEN      27-JUL-14     System datafile 11: '\/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/system01.dbf' is missing\n245        HIGH     OPEN      27-JUL-14     One or more non-system datafiles need media recovery\n\nanalyzing automatic repair options; this may take some time\nallocated channel: ORA_DISK_1\nchannel ORA_DISK_1: SID=132 device type=DISK\nanalyzing automatic repair options complete\n\nMandatory Manual Actions\n========================\nno manual actions available\n\nOptional Manual Actions\n=======================\n1. If file \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/system01.dbf was unintentionally renamed or moved, restore it\n2. Automatic repairs may be available if you shutdown the database and restart it in mount mode\n3. If you restored the wrong version of data file \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/sysaux01.dbf, then replace it with the correct one\n4. If you restored the wrong version of data file \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/PDB2_users01.dbf, then replace it with the correct one\n\nAutomated Repair Options\n========================\nOption Repair Description\n------ ------------------\n1      Restore and recover datafile 11; Recover datafile 12; Recover datafile 13\n  Strategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss\n  Repair script: \/u01\/app\/oracle\/diag\/rdbms\/cdb\/CDB\/hm\/reco_3711091289.hm\n\n\nRMAN> repair failure;\n\nStrategy: The repair includes complete media recovery with no data loss\nRepair script: \/u01\/app\/oracle\/diag\/rdbms\/cdb\/CDB\/hm\/reco_3711091289.hm\n\ncontents of repair script:\n   # restore and recover datafile\n   restore ( datafile 11 );\n   recover datafile 11;\n   # recover datafile\n   recover datafile 12, 13;\n\nDo you really want to execute the above repair (enter YES or NO)? YES\nexecuting repair script\n\nStarting restore at 27-JUL-14\nusing channel ORA_DISK_1\n\nchannel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile backup set restore\nchannel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set\nchannel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile 00011 to \/u01\/app\/oracle\/oradata\/CDB\/PDB2\/system01.dbf\nchannel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backup piece \/u01\/app\/oracle\/fast_recovery_area\/CDB\/FECFFDC5F6D31F5FE043D74EA8C0715F\/backupset\/2014_07_28\/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140728T150921_9xdlw21n_.bkp\nchannel ORA_DISK_1: piece handle=\/u01\/app\/oracle\/fast_recovery_area\/CDB\/FECFFDC5F6D31F5FE043D74EA8C0715F\/backupset\/2014_07_28\/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20140728T150921_9xdlw21n_.bkp tag=TAG20140728T150921\nchannel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1\nchannel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07\nFinished restore at 27-JUL-14\n\nStarting recover at 27-JUL-14\nusing channel ORA_DISK_1\n\nstarting media recovery\nmedia recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01\n\nFinished recover at 27-JUL-14\n\nStarting recover at 27-JUL-14\nusing channel ORA_DISK_1\n\nstarting media recovery\nmedia recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00\n\nFinished recover at 27-JUL-14\nrepair failure complete\n\n\nRMAN> alter pluggable database PDB2 open;\n\nStatement processed\n\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
I whish that one day the PDB will have true isolation so that I can give DBA rights to the application owner on his PDB. But that means that, at least:<\/p>\n
    \n
  • A PDB failure cannot crash the CDB instance.<\/li>\n
  • A PDB admin cannot create datafiles anywhere on my server.<\/li>\n
  • A PDB admin cannot run anything as the instance owner user (usually oracle)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
    By Franck Pachot . Do you remember last year, when 12c arrived with multitenant, David Hueber warned us about the fact that a single PDB can, under certain conditions, generate a complete system downtime? We are beta testers and opened a SR for that. Now one year later the first patchset is out and obviously […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[198,59],"tags":[224,220,64,225,96,66,223,226],"type_dbi":[],"class_list":["post-2170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database-management","category-oracle","tag-12-1-0-2","tag-cdb","tag-multitenant","tag-mutitenant","tag-oracle","tag-pdb","tag-pluggable-databases","tag-recovery"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPDB media failure may cause the whole CDB to crash - dbi Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Warning: The lost of SYSTEM tablespace in a CDB can bring the whole CDB down in 12.1.0.2\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"PDB media failure may cause the whole CDB to crash\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Warning: The lost of SYSTEM tablespace in a CDB can bring the whole CDB down in 12.1.0.2\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"dbi Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-07-28T09:44:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Oracle Team\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Oracle Team\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Oracle Team\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/66ab87129f2d357f09971bc7936a77ee\"},\"headline\":\"PDB media failure may cause the whole CDB to crash\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-28T09:44:08+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash\/\"},\"wordCount\":455,\"commentCount\":0,\"keywords\":[\"12.1.0.2\",\"CDB\",\"multitenant\",\"mutitenant\",\"Oracle\",\"PDB\",\"Pluggable Databases\",\"Recovery\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Database management\",\"Oracle\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/pdb-media-failure-may-case-the-whole-cdb-to-crash\/\",\"name\":\"PDB media failure may cause the whole CDB to crash - 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