{"id":18353,"date":"2022-08-10T23:06:38","date_gmt":"2022-08-10T21:06:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/?p=18353"},"modified":"2022-11-23T18:19:52","modified_gmt":"2022-11-23T17:19:52","slug":"performance-problems-on-a-zywall-usg","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/performance-problems-on-a-zywall-usg\/","title":{"rendered":"Performance problems on a ZyWALL USG"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"460\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/zywall-1024x460.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18397\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/zywall-1024x460.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/zywall-300x135.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/zywall-768x345.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/zywall-1536x690.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/zywall-2048x921.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">ZyWALL USG 50<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Are you experiencing performance problems with your Zyxel ZyWALL USG firewall? You will find in this blog an example of a real case I faced and how I solved it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading\">Introduction<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>From one day to the next, network performance deteriorated. Users first reported sporadic access problems and then these problems became permanent. The performance problems resulted in very slow access to a remote system. As shown below, the pings performed sometimes went up to more than a hundred milliseconds,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code has-black-color has-text-color\"><code>Pinging 8.8.8.8 with 32 bytes of data\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=12 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=63 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=12 ms TTL=116\n<strong>Reply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=562 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=519 ms TTL=116<\/strong>\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=211 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=31 ms TTL=116\n<strong>Reply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=617 ms TTL=116<\/strong>\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=100 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=19 ms TTL=116<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Thanks to UDITIS, we were able to quickly isolate the problem and understood that it came from the firewall. In this case it was a ZyWALL USG 50 firewall.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Logging into the ZyWALL USG GUI, we quickly saw that the processor resources were being used at over 90%. This had an impact on packet processing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"554\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/USG_001-1-1024x554.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18399\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/USG_001-1-1024x554.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/USG_001-1-300x162.png 300w, https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/USG_001-1-768x416.png 768w, https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/USG_001-1.png 1398w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Processor consumption at nearly 100%<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading\">Problem analysis<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Unfortunately the ZyWALL graphical interface does not give more details about the use of resources and does not allow to see what the processor or memory resources are used for. To analyze the problem, it is therefore necessary to connect to the Zywall via SSH.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/kb.zyxel.com\/KB\/searchArticle!gwsViewDetail.action?articleOid=015080&amp;lang=EN\">As explained on the Zyxel support webpage<\/a>, we can use the command line &#8220;debug system show cpu status&#8221; to see the CPU usage details. For instance, if CPU time would have been spent on &#8220;softirq&#8221; it would have mean that the CPU was occupied with traffic load. In our case the CPU is occupied with a system item (currentrly 51%) and by user (currently 47%). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>login as: admin\nUsing keyboard-interactive authentication.\nPassword:\nBad terminal type: \"xterm\". Will assume vt100.\n\nRouter&gt; <strong>debug system show cpu status<\/strong>\nCPU utilization: 99 % (system: 51 %, user: 47 %, irq: 0 %, softirq 1 %)\nCPU utilization (1 minute): 98 % (system: 48 %, user: 43 %, irq: 4 %, softirq 3 %)\nCPU utilization (5 minute): 98 % (system: 47 %, user: 44 %, irq: 4 %, softirq 3 %)<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>To understand why the CPU is used by system item, we can use the command &#8220;<em>debug system ps<\/em>&#8220;. This command will help to see the different processes and the resources usage as presented below (extract). <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Router&gt; debug system ps\nUSER       PID %CPU %MEM    VSZ   RSS TTY      STAT START   TIME COMMAND\nroot         1  0.0  0.0    208   100 ?        Ss   Aug05   0:02 ini\nroot         2  0.0  0.0      0     0 ?        S&lt;   Aug05   1:01 &#091;kthreadd]\nroot       816  0.3  0.5   8464  1240 ?        Ss   Aug05   5:20 \/usr\/sbin\/zylogd\nroot       820  0.0  0.1   1104   444 ?        Ss   Aug05   0:05 \/usr\/sbin\/syslog-ng -f \/var\/zyxel\/syslog-ng\/syslog-ng.conf\nroot      1527  0.0  0.1   3760   404 ?        S    Aug05   0:00 \/usr\/sbin\/pcap_monitor\nroot      1533  0.0  0.1   8920   340 ?        Ss   Aug05   0:00 \/usr\/sbin\/vsd\nroot      1536  0.0  0.1   2588   276 ?        S&lt;   Aug05   0:00 \/bin\/zyshd_wd\nroot      1540  0.3  4.8  54304 11708 ?        S    Aug05   5:00 \/bin\/zyshd\nroot      1696  0.0  0.2   7068   664 ?        Ss   Aug05   0:00 \/usr\/sbin\/xinetd -filelog \/tmp\/xinetd.log -stayalive -reuse -pidfile \/var\/run\/xinetd.pid\nroot      1807  0.0  1.0  50108  2456 ?        Ss   Aug05   0:00 \/usr\/sbin\/radiusd -d \/var\/zyxel\/raddb\nroot      2297  0.0  0.1   2704   408 ?        S&lt;   Aug05   0:00 \/sbin\/resd\nroot      2303  0.0  0.8  35436  1944 ?        Ss   Aug05   0:04 \/usr\/sbin\/contfltd\nroot      2382  0.0  0.0   2572   196 ?        Ss   Aug05   0:00 \/sbin\/lavd\nroot      2383  0.0  1.1  15836  2768 ?        S&lt;   Aug05   0:00 \/sbin\/decomp_server\nroot      2397  0.0  0.2  16212   632 ?        Ss   Aug05   0:00 \/usr\/sbin\/fauthd\nroot      2412  0.0  0.1   2772   320 ?        S&lt;   Aug05   0:00 \/sbin\/wdtd\n...\n...\nnobody   12843  0.0  1.5  41860  3804 ?        S    Aug05   0:00 \/usr\/local\/apache\/bin\/httpd -f \/usr\/local\/zyxel-gui\/httpd.conf -k start -DSSL\nnobody   12851  0.0  1.5  41860  3688 ?        S    Aug05   0:00 \/usr\/local\/apache\/bin\/httpd -f \/usr\/local\/zyxel-gui\/httpd.conf -k start -DSSL\nnobody   12852  0.0  1.6  44004  4108 ?        S    Aug05   0:00 \/usr\/local\/apache\/bin\/httpd -f \/usr\/local\/zyxel-gui\/httpd.conf -k start -DSSL\n<strong>root     20680 91.9  1.2  26976  3076 ?        R    10:18   4:31 \/usr\/local\/sbin\/snmpd udp:161,udp6:161 -c \/var\/zyxel\/snmpd.conf -p \/var\/run\/snmpd.pid<\/strong>\n...\n...\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>As you can see, the SNMP process is using 91.9% of CPU usage. SNMP monitoring can be used to collect information from your USG. If you do not need it you can simply deactivate it through the graphical interface. In addition, it looks to be a good practice on the USG when not using this feature. In order to deactivate the SNMP functionality just go in Configuration section and then in System &gt; SNMP as shown below:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"642\" height=\"468\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/USG_002.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-18400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/USG_002.png 642w, https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/08\/USG_002-300x219.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 642px) 100vw, 642px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">How to deactivate SNMP<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Once SNMP deactivated, Processor usages are freed up. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Router&gt; debug system show cpu status\n<strong>CPU utilization: 12 % (system: 5 %, user: 2 %, irq: 3 %, softirq 2 %)<\/strong>\nCPU utilization (1 minute): 78 % (system: 39 %, user: 33 %, irq: 3 %, softirq 3 %)\nCPU utilization (5 minute): 92 % (system: 45 %, user: 41 %, irq: 3 %, softirq 3 %)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>The pings are now much more stable and there are no more spikes as we saw at the beginning.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>Pinging 8.8.8.8 with 32 bytes of data\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=12 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=11 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=12 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=11 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=12 ms TTL=116\n...\n...\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=12 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=12 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=12 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=12 ms TTL=116\nReply from 8.8.8.8: Bytes=32 time=12 ms TTL=116\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-medium-font-size wp-block-heading\">Conclusion<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>In the event of a performance problem with a ZyWALL USG, the command line tool provided by ZyXEL allows you to understand what resources are being monopolized by. Once you have identified what was consuming the resources, in our case the SNMP process, you can either stop it or go further in the debugging process.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Are you experiencing performance problems with your Zyxel ZyWALL USG firewall? You will find in this blog an example of a real case I faced and how I solved it. Introduction From one day to the next, network performance deteriorated. Users first reported sporadic access problems and then these problems became permanent. The performance problems [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[149],"tags":[1423],"type_dbi":[],"class_list":["post-18353","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-security","tag-network-bandwidth"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Performance problems on a ZyWALL USG - dbi Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/performance-problems-on-a-zywall-usg\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Performance problems on a ZyWALL USG\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Are you experiencing performance problems with your Zyxel ZyWALL USG firewall? 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He is specialized in Oracle technologies and high availability solutions (Oracle DataGuard, Data Replication Block Device). His expertise also includes Avaloq banking applications, as well as the open source field (MySQL, Unix\\\/Linux, etc.). Gr\u00e9gory Steulet is \\\"Oracle Certified Professional 10g\\\", \\\"MySQL Cluster 5.1 Certified\\\", and \\\"Avaloq Certified Professional 2.6\\\". Prior to joining dbi services, Gr\u00e9gory Steulet was Senior Consultant at Trivadis in Lausanne. He also worked as IT Administrator at Box Telecom in Miami Beach, Florida (USA). Gr\u00e9gory Steulet has an Executive MBA from the International Institute of Management in Technology, Fribourg (CH). He also holds a Bachelor's Degree in Business Administration and Computer Science from the University of Applied Sciences Western Switzerland. 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