blogpost here<\/a>.<\/p>\nWhat is a DB System?<\/h2>\n
A DB System is an OCI (the public Cloud from Oracle) feature brought to the ODA. This is a single component that includes a VM with a Linux OS, a DB home and a database. On ODA, you don’t really need that because databases are most of the time configured as bare metal ones (running on the server itself), but it’s now possible to configure DB System as well. Appart for better isolation (for example, separating PROD from DEV databases on the same appliance), this is also needed for network segregation: it’s possible to associate different DB Systems to different VLANs. And if you need to tweak a database, it does not impact the other DB Systems.<\/p>\n
The drawbacks I could see are for sure more complexity and more systems to manage. Use bare metal only if you want to keep it simple.<\/p>\n
Creating a DB System<\/h2>\n
For creating a DB System, you will need a template (provided aside the 19.12 patch), and corresponding GI and DB clones:<\/p>\n
cd \/opt\/dbi\nunzip p33152237_1912000_Linux-x86-64.zip\nodacli update-repository -f \/opt\/dbi\/odacli-dcs-19.12.0.0.0-ODAVM.zip\nodacli describe-dbsystem-image\nDB System Image details\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------------\nComponent Name Supported Versions Available Versions\n-------------------- -------------------- --------------------\n\nDBVM 19.12.0.0.0 19.12.0.0.0\n\nGI 19.12.0.0.210720 19.12.0.0.210720\n 21.3.0.0.210720 not-available\n\nDB 19.12.0.0.210720 19.12.0.0.210720\n 21.3.0.0.210720 not-available\n<\/code><\/pre>\nLet’s use 19c version in this example, as 21c is an innovation release.<\/p>\n
A DB System will need a CPU pool (it can be shared across multiple DB Systems) and a json file with various parameters (mine is provided at the end):<\/p>\n
odacli create-cpupool -n cpupool4dbsystems -c 4 -dbs\nodacli create-dbsystem -p \/opt\/dbi\/create_dbsystem_srvdb01.json<\/code><\/pre>\nDB System creation lasts 30 minutes, and this one has an odb2 shape. <\/p>\n
Note these 2 points:
\n– The shape for the VM and for the database need to be the same, or you will get an error<\/p>\n
DCS-10045:Validation error encountered: The DB System shape and Database shape should be the same.<\/code><\/pre>\n– Multiple DB Systems cannot have the same database name. It would normally be possible, but not on ODA.<\/p>\n
DCS-10044:Object dbName already exists with same value VIRTDB.<\/code><\/pre>\nodacli to manage DB Systems<\/h2>\n
You can list the DB systems configured on your ODA:<\/p>\n
odacli list-dbsystems\n\nName Shape Cores Memory GI version DB version Status Created Updated\n-------------------- ---------- ----- ---------- ------------------ ------------------ --------------- ----------------------- -----------------------\nsrvdb01 odb2 4 16.00 GB 19.12.0.0.210720 19.12.0.0.210720 FAILED 2021-11-25 16:04:05 CET 2021-11-25 16:22:15 CET\n<\/code><\/pre>\nAnd as DB Systems are VMs, stop and start commands are available :<\/p>\n
odacli stop-dbsystem -n srvdb01\nodacli start-dbsystem -n srvdb01<\/code><\/pre>\nYou can also have extended information about a DB System, for example its current status:<\/p>\n
odacli describe-dbsystem -n srvdb01 | grep State\n Target State: ONLINE\n Current State: ONLINE<\/code><\/pre>\nAnother example, the shape of the VM and database:<\/p>\n
odacli describe-dbsystem -n srvdb01 | grep Shape\n Shape: odb2\n Shape: odb2<\/code><\/pre>\nYou can change the shape of a DB System (but only going up is allowed):<\/p>\n
odacli modify-dbsystem -n srvdb01 -s odb4\n\nodacli list-dbsystems\nName Shape Cores Memory GI version DB version Status Created Updated\n-------------------- ---------- ----- ---------- ------------------ ------------------ --------------- ----------------------- -----------------------\nsrvdb01 odb4 4 32.00 GB 19.12.0.0.210720 19.12.0.0.210720 CONFIGURED 2021-11-24 19:02:04 CET 2021-11-25 14:58:49 CET<\/code><\/pre>\nYour DB System will need a restart to correctly apply the shape to the database.<\/p>\n
Basically, you can also change network settings and cpu pool association.<\/p>\n
For sure you can also delete a db system (after stopping it):<\/p>\n
odacli delete-dbsystem -n srvdb01<\/code><\/pre>\nodacli inside the DB System<\/h2>\n
The purpose of a DB System is to host a single database. odacli is then limited inside a DB System.<\/p>\n
So what can we do? Displaying information about database and dbhome is OK:<\/p>\n
odacli list-databases\n\nID DB Name DB Type DB Version CDB Class Shape Storage Status DbHomeID\n---------------------------------------- ---------- -------- -------------------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------------------------\n37b7becf-7697-4ea8-9dd7-d91cfb36444a VIRTDB SI 19.12.0.0.210720 false OLTP odb4 ASM CONFIGURED 7916c735-1503-4fb4-b414-3dcdb4c68517\n\nodacli list-dbhomes\n\nID Name DB Version Home Location Status\n---------------------------------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------- ----------\n6dabc902-cc0e-4fa6-82a7-9fa1f6361599 OraDB19000_home1 19.12.0.0.210720 \/u01\/app\/oracle\/product\/19.0.0.0\/dbhome_1 CONFIGURED<\/code><\/pre>\nCreating a new dhbome is also OK, but not creating a database:<\/p>\n
odacli create-dbhome -v 19.12.0.0.210720\nodacli list-dbhomes\n\nID Name DB Version Home Location Status\n---------------------------------------- -------------------- ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------- ----------\n6dabc902-cc0e-4fa6-82a7-9fa1f6361599 OraDB19000_home1 19.12.0.0.210720 \/u01\/app\/oracle\/product\/19.0.0.0\/dbhome_1 CONFIGURED\nb1a0bfd9-5db5-4bce-8e4d-49f07480cc4e OraDB19000_home2 19.12.0.0.210720 \/u01\/app\/oracle\/product\/19.0.0.0\/dbhome_2 CONFIGURED\n\n\nodacli create-database -u VIRTDB2 -dh 'b1a0bfd9-5db5-4bce-8e4d-49f07480cc4e' -n VIRTDB2 -s odb1 -r asm\nDCS-10001:Internal error encountered: Available Memory is less than SGA Size { Available : 796mb and SGA Size : 7782mb }.\n<\/code><\/pre>\nThere is not enough memory for another instance, let’s decrease the shape of the previous database and retry:<\/p>\n
odacli modify-database -i 37b7becf-7697-4ea8-9dd7-d91cfb36444a -s odb1\n\nodacli list-databases\n\nID DB Name DB Type DB Version CDB Class Shape Storage Status DbHomeID\n---------------------------------------- ---------- -------- -------------------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------------------------\n37b7becf-7697-4ea8-9dd7-d91cfb36444a VIRTDB SI 19.12.0.0.210720 false OLTP odb1 ASM CONFIGURED 6dabc902-cc0e-4fa6-82a7-9fa1f6361599<\/code><\/pre>\nLet’s retry:<\/p>\n
odacli create-database -u VIRTDB2 -dh '3a6e44cc-6f22-4696-b84f-55affdc5e09b' -n VIRTDB2 -s odb1 -r asm\nodacli list-databases\n\nID DB Name DB Type DB Version CDB Class Shape Storage Status DbHomeID\n---------------------------------------- ---------- -------- -------------------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------------------------\n37b7becf-7697-4ea8-9dd7-d91cfb36444a VIRTDB SI 19.12.0.0.210720 false OLTP odb1 ASM CONFIGURED 6dabc902-cc0e-4fa6-82a7-9fa1f6361599\n3270f020-afd6-4658-a029-754b48832d3b VIRTDB2 SI 19.0.0.0 false OLTP odb1 ASM FAILED b1a0bfd9-5db5-4bce-8e4d-49f07480cc4e<\/code><\/pre>\nActually, it does not work because of an internal error:<\/p>\n
odacli describe-job -i ecdda655-cbac-4782-aa88-f6a6b5eb5960 | grep Message\n Message: DCS-10001:Internal error encountered: Failed to create the database VIRTDB2.<\/code><\/pre>\nLet’s remove the first database and create another one, it may work:<\/p>\n
odacli delete-database -i 37b7becf-7697-4ea8-9dd7-d91cfb36444a\nodacli delete-database -i 3270f020-afd6-4658-a029-754b48832d3b\nodacli create-database -u VIRTDB2 -dh '404a58c6-913e-4c6d-bdb1-f0f99b684fe2' -n VIRTDB2 -s odb1 -r asm\nodacli list-databases\n\nID DB Name DB Type DB Version CDB Class Shape Storage Status DbHomeID\n---------------------------------------- ---------- -------- -------------------- ---------- -------- -------- ---------- ------------ ----------------------------------------\n6f2ec94b-7a79-4ea4-9d0a-d6fc613ddcfa VIRTDB2 SI 19.12.0.0.210720 false OLTP odb1 ASM CONFIGURED b1a0bfd9-5db5-4bce-8e4d-49f07480cc4e<\/code><\/pre>\nYes it works. But the shape looks like odb4, not odb1:<\/p>\n
[root@srvdb01 ~]# su - oracle\nLast login: Wed Nov 24 18:44:18 CET 2021\n[oracle@srvdb01 ~]$ . oraenv <<< VIRTDB2\nORACLE_SID = [oracle] ? The Oracle base has been set to \/u01\/app\/oracle\n[oracle@srvdb01 ~]$ sqlplus -s \/ as sysdba\nsho parameter sga_\n\nNAME\t\t\t\t TYPE\t VALUE\n------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------\nsga_max_size\t\t\t big integer 7792M\nsga_min_size\t\t\t big integer 0\nsga_target\t\t\t big integer 7792M\nunified_audit_sga_queue_size\t integer\t 1048576<\/code><\/pre>\nManaging databases on a DB System is not very clean. You can do things, but I would not recommend.<\/p>\n
Features linked to the database created during provisioning are OK, for example applying a backup configuration for your database:<\/p>\n
odacli create-backupconfig -n nfsBackupConfig -w 7 -d NFS -c \/backup\/srvdb01\n\nodacli modify-database -in VIRTDB2 -bin nfsBackupConfig\n\nodacli list-schedules | grep -e VIRTDB2 -e ID -e ---\nID Name Description CronExpression Disabled\n---------------------------------------- ------------------------- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ --------\n86211dc2-af0c-4e21-a8b6-58df85d0fd1f database_backup_6f2ec94b-7a79-4ea4-9d0a-d6fc613ddcfa backup database : VIRTDB2 0 24 5 1\/1 * ? * false\ne49d5605-d1f2-47ea-9d6e-f266fb5d724b archive_log_backup_6f2ec94b-7a79-4ea4-9d0a-d6fc613ddcfa backup archive logs : VIRTDB2 0 0\/30 * ? * * * false<\/code><\/pre>\nBackups are now scheduled for my database on this DB System, with a 7-day retention on a nfs share.<\/p>\n
Conclusion<\/h2>\n
DB Systems should be seen as single objects and managed at the DB System level mainly. If you need to change something locally on the database it’s still possible but odacli may not help.<\/p>\n
Demo json file<\/h2>\n
create_dbsystem_srvdb01.json<\/strong><\/p>\n{\n \"system\": {\n \"name\": \"srvdb01\",\n \"shape\": \"odb2\",\n \"systemPassword\": \"**********\",\n \"timeZone\": \"Europe\/Zurich\",\n \"diskGroup\": \"DATA\",\n \"cpuPoolName\": \"cpupool4dbsystems\",\n \"enableRoleSeparation\": true,\n \"customRoleSeparation\": {\n \"groups\": [\n {\n \"name\": \"oinstall\",\n \"id\": 1001,\n \"role\": \"oinstall\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"dbaoper\",\n \"id\": 1002,\n \"role\": \"dbaoper\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"dba\",\n \"id\": 1003,\n \"role\": \"dba\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"asmadmin\",\n \"id\": 1004,\n \"role\": \"asmadmin\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"asmoper\",\n \"id\": 1005,\n \"role\": \"asmoper\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"asmdba\",\n \"id\": 1006,\n \"role\": \"asmdba\"\n }\n ],\n \"users\": [\n {\n \"name\": \"grid\",\n \"id\": 1000,\n \"role\": \"gridUser\"\n },\n {\n \"name\": \"oracle\",\n \"id\": 1001,\n \"role\": \"oracleUser\"\n }\n ]\n }\n },\n \"database\": {\n \"name\": \"VIRTDB\",\n \"uniqueName\": \"VIRTDB\",\n \"domainName\": \"dbi-lab.ch\",\n \"adminPassword\": \"********\",\n \"version\": \"19.12.0.0.210720\",\n \"edition\": \"SE\",\n \"type\": \"SI\",\n \"dbClass\": \"OLTP\",\n \"shape\": \"odb2\",\n \"role\": \"PRIMARY\",\n \"targetNodeNumber\": null,\n \"enableDbConsole\": false,\n \"enableUnifiedAuditing\": true,\n \"redundancy\" : \"MIRROR\",\n \"characterSet\": {\n \"characterSet\": \"AL32UTF8\",\n \"nlsCharacterset\": \"AL16UTF16\",\n \"dbTerritory\": \"AMERICA\",\n \"dbLanguage\": \"ENGLISH\"\n },\n \"rmanBackupPassword\": null,\n \"enableTDE\": false,\n \"isCdb\": false\n },\n \"network\": {\n \"domainName\": \"dbi-lab.ch\",\n \"ntpServers\": [\"21.39.35.10\"],\n \"dnsServers\": [\n \"8.8.8.8\",\"8.8.4.4\"\n ],\n \"nodes\": [\n {\n \"name\": \"srvdb01\",\n \"ipAddress\": \"10.36.10.242\",\n \"netmask\": \"255.255.255.0\",\n \"gateway\": \"10.36.10.1\",\n \"number\": 0\n }\n ],\n \"publicVNetwork\": \"pubnet\"\n },\n \"grid\": {\n \"language\": \"en\"\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Introduction As virtualization is available for all ODAs now, you could ask yourself if it’s a good idea to use this virtualization or not. Databases can be created as bare metal, but also within a DB System for better isolation. And both can be used on the same ODA. If you’re looking for how to […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":45,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[229,198,42,59],"tags":[2423,2366,2400,2146,2424,79,2369,2425,365,2161,2426,1330,1331,1332,1697,1698,1699,2427,2428,2429],"type_dbi":[],"class_list":["post-16867","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database-administration-monitoring","category-database-management","category-operating-systems","category-oracle","tag-19-12","tag-bare-metal","tag-db-system","tag-kvm","tag-manage-db-systems","tag-oda","tag-odacli-create-dbsystem","tag-odacli-list-dbsystems","tag-oracle-database-appliance","tag-virtualization","tag-virtualized-oda","tag-x7-2ha","tag-x7-2m","tag-x7-2s","tag-x8-2ha","tag-x8-2m","tag-x8-2s","tag-x9-2ha","tag-x9-2m","tag-x9-2s"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
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