here<\/a>).<\/p>\nWhat I wanted to provide in this blog is another solution. Usually the issue is with VARCHAR2-output. So I asked myself, why not formatting all VARCHAR2 columns of a table to their average length. I.e. I created a script colpp_table.sql (colpp, because my initial objective was to provide a column-width per page like in sqlcl) which takes the statistic avg_col_len from ALL_TAB_COLUMNS. To run the script I have to provide 2 parameters: The owner and table-name I use in my query later on:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> !more colpp_table.sql\nset termout off heading off lines 200 pages 999 trimspool on feed off timing off verify off\nspool \/tmp\/&1._&2..sql\nselect 'column '||column_name||' format a'||to_char(decode(nvl(avg_col_len,data_length),0,1,nvl(avg_col_len,data_length))) \nfrom all_tab_columns \nwhere owner=upper('&1.') \nand table_name=upper('&2.') \nand data_type in ('VARCHAR2','NVARCHAR2');\nspool off\n@\/tmp\/&1._&2..sql\nset termout on heading on feed on timing on verify on\n\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> @colpp_table CBLEILE T1\n<\/pre>\nI.e. a temporary script \/tmp\/<owner>_<table_name>.sql gets written with format-commands for all VARCHAR2 (and NVARCHAR2) columns of the table. That temporary script is automatically executed:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> !cat \/tmp\/CBLEILE_T1.sql\n\ncolumn OWNER format a5\ncolumn OBJECT_NAME format a36\ncolumn SUBOBJECT_NAME format a2\ncolumn OBJECT_TYPE format a10\ncolumn TIMESTAMP format a20\ncolumn STATUS format a7\ncolumn TEMPORARY format a2\ncolumn GENERATED format a2\ncolumn SECONDARY format a2\ncolumn EDITION_NAME format a1\ncolumn SHARING format a14\ncolumn EDITIONABLE format a2\ncolumn ORACLE_MAINTAINED format a2\ncolumn APPLICATION format a2\ncolumn DEFAULT_COLLATION format a4\ncolumn DUPLICATED format a2\ncolumn SHARDED format a2\n<\/pre>\nNow the formatting looks much better without having to format each column manually:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> @colpp_table CBLEILE T1\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> select owner, oracle_maintained, object_name from t1 where rownum < 4;\n\nOWNER OR OBJECT_NAME\n----- -- ------------------------------------\nSYS Y TS$\nSYS Y ICOL$\nSYS Y C_FILE#_BLOCK#\n\n3 rows selected.\n<\/pre>\nBut what happens when selecting from a view? The column avg_col_len in all_tab_columns is NULL for views:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> create view t1v as select * from t1;\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> column column_name format a21\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> select column_name, avg_col_len from all_tab_columns where owner=user and table_name='T1V';\n\nCOLUMN_NAME AVG_COL_LEN\n--------------------- -----------\nEDITIONABLE\nORACLE_MAINTAINED\nAPPLICATION\nDEFAULT_COLLATION\nDUPLICATED\nSHARDED\nCREATED_APPID\nCREATED_VSNID\nMODIFIED_APPID\nMODIFIED_VSNID\nOWNER\nOBJECT_NAME\nSUBOBJECT_NAME\nOBJECT_ID\nDATA_OBJECT_ID\nOBJECT_TYPE\nCREATED\nLAST_DDL_TIME\nTIMESTAMP\nSTATUS\nTEMPORARY\nGENERATED\nSECONDARY\nNAMESPACE\nEDITION_NAME\nSHARING\n\n26 rows selected.\n<\/pre>\nMy idea was to do the following: Why not taking the “bytes”-computation per column from the optimizer divided by the number of rows returned by the view? I.e.<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> explain plan for select owner from t1v;\n\nExplained.\n\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);\n\nPLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT\n---------------------------------\nPlan hash value: 3617692013\n\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time\t |\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT |\t | 67944 | 331K| 372 (1)| 00:00:01 |\n| 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T1 | 67944 | 331K| 372 (1)| 00:00:01 |\n--------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n8 rows selected.\n<\/pre>\nNow I just calculate the Bytes\/Rows. As I just select 1 column I do get approximately the avg_col_len with that:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> select 331000\/67944 from dual;\n\n331000\/67944\n------------\n 4.87165901\n<\/pre>\nThat value is close to the avg_col_len statistic of the underlying table:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> select avg_col_len from user_tab_columns where table_name='T1' and column_name='OWNER';\n\nAVG_COL_LEN\n-----------\n 5\n<\/pre>\nSo the remaining question was just where to get the bytes and cardinality computation from? It’s in the plan_table:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> select bytes, cardinality, ceil(bytes\/cardinality) avg_col_len from plan_table where id=0;\n\n BYTES CARDINALITY AVG_COL_LEN\n---------- ----------- -----------\n 339720 67944 5\n<\/pre>\nWith that information I had everything to create a script colpp_explain.sql:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> !more colpp_explain.sql\nset termout off heading off lines 200 pages 999 trimspool on feed off timing off verify off\nset serveroutput on size unlimited\nspool \/tmp\/&1._&2..sql\ndeclare\n avg_col_len number;\nbegin\n for i in (select column_name from all_tab_columns where owner=upper('&1.') and table_name=upper('&2.') and data_type in ('VARCHAR2','NVARCHAR2')) loop\n delete from plan_table;\n execute immediate 'explain plan for select '||i.column_name||' from &1..&2.';\n select ceil(bytes\/cardinality) into avg_col_len from plan_table where id=0;\n dbms_output.put_line('column '||i.column_name||' format a'||to_char(avg_col_len+1));\n end loop;\nend;\n\/\nspool off\n@\/tmp\/&1._&2..sql\nset termout on heading on feed on timing on verify on\nset serveroutput off\n<\/pre>\nI.e. I’m looping through all columns with type VARCHAR2 (or NVARCHAR2) of the view and do an <\/p>\n
\nexplain plan for\nselect <column> from <view>;\n<\/pre>\nWith that information I can compute the avg_col_len by dividing the bytes by the cardinality and add the column formatting command to a script, which I finally execute. <\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> @colpp_explain CBLEILE T1V\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> !cat \/tmp\/CBLEILE_T1V.sql\ncolumn EDITIONABLE format a3\ncolumn ORACLE_MAINTAINED format a3\ncolumn APPLICATION format a3\ncolumn DEFAULT_COLLATION format a5\ncolumn DUPLICATED format a3\ncolumn SHARDED format a3\ncolumn OWNER format a6\ncolumn OBJECT_NAME format a37\ncolumn SUBOBJECT_NAME format a3\ncolumn OBJECT_TYPE format a11\ncolumn TIMESTAMP format a21\ncolumn STATUS format a8\ncolumn TEMPORARY format a3\ncolumn GENERATED format a3\ncolumn SECONDARY format a3\ncolumn EDITION_NAME format a67\ncolumn SHARING format a15\n\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> select owner, oracle_maintained, object_name from t1v where rownum < 4;\n\nOWNER ORA OBJECT_NAME\n------ --- -------------------------------------\nSYS Y TS$\nSYS Y ICOL$\nSYS Y C_FILE#_BLOCK#\n\n3 rows selected.\n<\/pre>\nTo use a single script for tables and views I created a simple wrapper-script around colpp_table.sql and colpp_explain.sql:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> !cat colpp.sql\nset termout off heading off lines 200 pages 999 trimspool on feed off timing off verify off\ndefine var=colpp_explain.sql\ncolumn objt new_value var\nselect decode(object_type,'TABLE','colpp_table.sql','colpp_explain.sql') objt from all_objects where owner=upper('&1.') and object_name=upper('&2.');\n@@&var. &1. &2.\nset termout on heading on feed on timing on verify on\n<\/pre>\nI.e. if the parameter is a table-name I do call colpp_table.sql. Otherwise I call colpp_explain.sql.<\/p>\n
Finally it looks as follows:<\/p>\n
For the table:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> @colpp CBLEILE T1\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> select owner, oracle_maintained, object_name from t1v where rownum < 4;\n\nOWNER OR OBJECT_NAME\n----- -- ------------------------------------\nSYS Y TS$\nSYS Y ICOL$\nSYS Y C_FILE#_BLOCK#\n<\/pre>\nFor the view:<\/p>\n
\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> @colpp CBLEILE T1V\ncbleile@orcl@orcl> select owner, oracle_maintained, object_name from t1v where rownum < 4;\n\nOWNER ORA OBJECT_NAME\n------ --- -------------------------------------\nSYS Y TS$\nSYS Y ICOL$\nSYS Y C_FILE#_BLOCK#\n<\/pre>\nI.e. with a call to colpp.sql I can format all VARCHAR-columns of a table or a view. It’s of course not perfect, but easy, quick and better than the default-settings. You may even extend the scripts to also provide the heading per column or specify a sql_id or a script as parameters to colpp.sql.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Column formatting was always a pain in sqlplus when writing queries on the prompt. Most people use tools like SQL Developer or Quest TOAD which can scroll horizontally when running queries against a database, but as a consultant you are often still forced to use sqlplus. Here’s the issue: When running e.g. a query on […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":35,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[59],"tags":[1333,2130,2131,985],"type_dbi":[],"class_list":["post-14773","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-oracle","tag-column","tag-format","tag-print_table","tag-sqlplus"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n
Automatic column formatting in Oracle sqlplus - dbi Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/automatic-column-formatting-in-oracle-sqlplus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Automatic column formatting in Oracle sqlplus\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Column formatting was always a pain in sqlplus when writing queries on the prompt. Most people use tools like SQL Developer or Quest TOAD which can scroll horizontally when running queries against a database, but as a consultant you are often still forced to use sqlplus. 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