{"id":13841,"date":"2020-03-27T09:33:12","date_gmt":"2020-03-27T08:33:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/sql-server-quickly-clean-backup-history-with-dbatools\/"},"modified":"2025-10-01T11:41:15","modified_gmt":"2025-10-01T09:41:15","slug":"sql-server-quickly-clean-backup-history-with-dbatools","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/sql-server-quickly-clean-backup-history-with-dbatools\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Server: Quickly clean backup history with dbatools"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>I just had to restore a database in production for my customer. Before doing the restore I have the habit to query the msdb.dbo.backupset table to get an overview of the last backups.<\/p>\n<p>When running my query, I felt it was taking longer than usual. So out of curiosity, I looked at the SSMS standard report \u201cDisk Usage by Top Tables\u201d. Here is the output.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/1-6.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-38550 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/1-6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"686\" height=\"182\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>This instance contains dozens of databases in Always On Availability Groups with a transaction log backup frequency set to 30 minutes. The backup history has never been cleaned, which explain the large number of rows.<\/p>\n<p>It\u2019s not often that I see the msdb database with a size of 3.5GB, so I decided it\u2019s time to delete the backup history. My customer got many instances that are configured and managed the same way so I\u2019m sure this phenomenon will be present on many servers.<\/p>\n<p>I could easily use the system stored procedure <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.microsoft.com\/en-us\/sql\/relational-databases\/system-stored-procedures\/sp-delete-backuphistory-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver15\">sp_delete_backuphistory<\/a> but I instead decided to use PowerShell and <a href=\"https:\/\/dbatools.io\/\">dbatools<\/a>. I just recently started to use dbatools and I want to practice more using PowerShell for tasks like this one that needs to be done on many instances.<\/p>\n<p>First, like the SSMS report I\u2019d like to get the row count and the amount of data used by the backup history tables in all my MSDB databases. I want to measure the actual gain in data space after the cleaning. To do this, I decided to use the <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.dbatools.io\/#Get-DbaDbTable\">Get-DbaDbTable<\/a> function from dbatools.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: powershell; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">Get-DbaDbTable -SqlInstance 'InstanceName' -Database msdb `\n    | Where-Object {$_.Name -Like 'backup*'} `\n    | Select-Object -Property Name, RowCount, DataSpaceUsed `\n    | Out-GridView<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/3bis.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-38554 \" src=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/3bis.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"345\" height=\"170\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>I use a Central Management Server as an inventory for my SQL servers.<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/2-4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-38555\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/2-4.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"260\" height=\"195\" \/><\/a><br \/>The list of servers can be easily retrieved from the CMS with <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.dbatools.io\/#Get-DbaRegServer\">Get-DbaRegisteredServer<\/a>.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: powershell; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">$Servers = Get-DbaRegisteredServer -SqlInstance 'MyCmsInstance' | Where-Object {$_.Group -Like '*Prod*'};<\/pre>\n<p>I have 36 production servers.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: powershell; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">PS C:\\&gt; $Servers.Count\n36<\/pre>\n<p>Now, looping through each instance I do the sum of the backup history rows with the total space used.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: powershell; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">$Servers = Get-DbaRegisteredServer -SqlInstance 'MyCmsInstance' | Where-Object {$_.Group -Like '*Prod*'};\nforeach ($srv in $Servers) {\n    Get-DbaDbTable -SqlInstance $srv -Database msdb `\n        | Where-Object {$_.Name -Like 'backup*'} `\n        | ForEach-Object -Process {$rowsBefore+=$_.RowCount; $sizeBefore+=$_.DataSpaceUsed}\n}\nWrite-Output \"backup history total rows: $rowsBefore\" \nWrite-Output \"backup history total size: $sizeBefore\" \n\nPS C:\\&gt;\nbackup history total rows: 31989560\nbackup history total size: 10343088<\/pre>\n<p>I\u2019ve got a total of almost <strong>32 Million<\/strong> rows of backup history on my production servers for a total data size exceeding <strong>10 GB<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>To clean the backup history, I use the <a href=\"https:\/\/docs.dbatools.io\/#Remove-DbaDbBackupRestoreHistory\">Remove-DbaDbBackupRestoreHistory<\/a> function. I decide to keep a backup history of about 4 months, so I choose the arbitrary number of 120 as value for the KeepDays parameter.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: powershell; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">foreach ($srv in $Servers) {\n    Remove-DbaDbBackupRestoreHistory -SqlInstance $srv -KeepDays 120 -Confirm:$false\n}<\/pre>\n<p>After cleaning the backup history I run once again the first loop to get the msdb tables information so I can compare the row count and data space used before and after the Remove function.<br \/>Here is the result.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: powershell; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">Diff rows: 24654309\nDiff size: 8047072<\/pre>\n<p>I just deleted over <strong>24 Million<\/strong> rows, about <strong>8GB<\/strong> of data space in the msdb databases over 36 instances. All this was done with a few lines of PowerShell and dbatools in a really short time. As a DBA managing dozens of instances, automating and scripting tasks like this with dbatools becomes very easy and can save a lot of time.<\/p>\n<p>You can find below the whole script, please feel free to comment if you think it can be written in a more efficient way. I will take any advice on PowerShell scripting.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: powershell; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">$Servers = Get-DbaRegisteredServer -SqlInstance 'MyCmsInstance' | Where-Object {$_.Group -Like '*Prod*'};\nforeach ($srv in $Servers) {\n    Get-DbaDbTable -SqlInstance $srv -Database msdb `\n        | Where-Object {$_.Name -Like 'backup*'} `\n        | ForEach-Object -Process {$rowsBefore+=$_.RowCount; $sizeBefore+=$_.DataSpaceUsed}\n}\nWrite-Output \"backup history total rows: $rowsBefore\" \nWrite-Output \"backup history total size: $sizeBefore\" \n\nforeach ($srv in $Servers) {\n    Remove-DbaDbBackupRestoreHistory -SqlInstance $srv -KeepDays 120 -Confirm:$false\n}\n\nStart-Sleep -Seconds 10\n\nforeach ($srv in $Servers) {\n    Get-DbaDbTable -SqlInstance $srv -Database msdb `\n        | Where-Object {$_.Name -Like 'backup*'} `\n        | ForEach-Object -Process {$rowsAfter+=$_.RowCount; $sizeAfter+=$_.DataSpaceUsed}\n}\n$diffRows= $rowsBefore-$rowsAfter\n$diffSize= $sizeBefore-$sizeAfter\n\nWrite-Output \"Diff rows: $diffRows\" \nWrite-Output \"Diff size: $diffSize\"<\/pre>\n<p>Written by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/steven-naudet-aa540158\/\">Steven Naudet<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I just had to restore a database in production for my customer. Before doing the restore I have the habit to query the msdb.dbo.backupset table to get an overview of the last backups. When running my query, I felt it was taking longer than usual. So out of curiosity, I looked at the SSMS standard [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":13842,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[229,99],"tags":[1887,1888,2550],"type_dbi":[],"class_list":["post-13841","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-database-administration-monitoring","category-sql-server","tag-backup-history","tag-dbatools","tag-sql-server-2"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.2) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SQL Server: Quickly clean backup history with dbatools - dbi Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/sql-server-quickly-clean-backup-history-with-dbatools\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SQL Server: Quickly clean backup history with dbatools\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"I just had to restore a database in production for my customer. 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