{"id":12294,"date":"2019-03-12T09:32:30","date_gmt":"2019-03-12T08:32:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\/"},"modified":"2019-03-12T09:32:30","modified_gmt":"2019-03-12T08:32:30","slug":"sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\/","title":{"rendered":"SQL Server Temporal Table \u2013 How to store a history table in another file?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Few days ago, a customer asks me if it is possible to move the history table to slower but cheaper storage.<br \/>\nThe question behind this is whether it is possible to create a history table on a separate filegroup and file.<br \/>\nFew years ago, I write a serie of blogs about temporal table <a title=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/sql-server-2016-the-time-travel-with-temporal-table-part-i\/\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/sql-server-2016-the-time-travel-with-temporal-table-part-i\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here.<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p>I will take the same example to try to set up a filegroup specific to a history table.<br \/>\nIn my sample, I create a \u2018Zoo\u2019 database with a table \u2018Animals\u2019 which inventory animals.<\/p>\n<p>First, I create the filegroup HISTORY and add a file Zoo_history.ndf:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">USE [master]\nGO\nALTER DATABASE [Zoo] ADD FILEGROUP [HISTORY]\nGO\nALTER DATABASE [Zoo] ADD FILE ( NAME = N'Zoo_History', FILENAME = N'D:\\DATA\\Zoo_History.ndf' , SIZE = 131072KB , FILEGROWTH = 131072KB )\n TO FILEGROUP [HISTORY]\nGO\n<\/pre>\n<p>Before I create the table Animals, I create the history table [AnimalsHistory] on this filegroup [HISTORY] with also a separate schema [History] (it\u2019s a good practice):<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">USE [Zoo]\nGO\nCREATE SCHEMA [History] AUTHORIZATION [dbo]\nGO\nCREATE TABLE [History].[AnimalsHistory]\n(\n [AnimalId] [int]  NOT NULL,\n [Name] [varchar](200) NOT NULL,\n [Genus Species] [varchar](200) NOT NULL,\n [Number]  [int] NOT NULL,\n [StartDate] [datetime2]  NOT NULL,\n [EndDate]  [datetime2] NOT NULL,\n\n) ON [HISTORY]\n<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/history_table01.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-full wp-image-31544 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/history_table01.jpg\" alt=\"history_table01\" width=\"219\" height=\"152\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>At this time, the table is not a history table. It will be after the creation of the principal table:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Animals]\n(\n [AnimalId] [int]  NOT NULL,\n [Name] [varchar](200) NOT NULL,\n [Genus Species] [varchar](200) NOT NULL,\n [Number]  [int] NOT NULL,\n  CONSTRAINT [PK_Animals] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ([AnimalId] ASC),\n  \/*Temporal: Define the Period*\/\n  [StartDate] [datetime2](7) GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW START NOT NULL,\n  [EndDate]  [datetime2](7) GENERATED ALWAYS AS ROW END NOT NULL,\n PERIOD FOR SYSTEM_TIME([StartDate],[EndDate])\n) \n WITH (SYSTEM_VERSIONING=ON (HISTORY_TABLE = [History].[AnimalsHistory]))\n<\/pre>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/history_table02.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-medium wp-image-31545 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/history_table02.jpg\" alt=\"history_table02\" width=\"300\" height=\"90\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Now the history table is link to my table System-Versioned with a separate file.<br \/>\nI run few queries to have data and as you can see, all previous version of each updated row is inserted into the history table in the HISTORY filegroup.<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">INSERT INTO [Zoo].[dbo].[Animals]([AnimalId],[Name],[Genus Species],[Number])\n     VALUES(1,'African wild cat','Felis silvestris lybica',10)\nGO\n\nUPDATE [Zoo].[dbo].[Animals] SET Number = 21 WHERE Name = 'African wild cat' AND  [Genus Species]= 'Felis silvestris lybica';\nGO\nUPDATE [Zoo].[dbo].[Animals] SET Number = 5 WHERE Name = 'African wild cat' AND  [Genus Species]= 'Felis silvestris lybica';\nGO\nUPDATE [Zoo].[dbo].[Animals] SET Number = 12 WHERE Name = 'African wild cat' AND  [Genus Species]= 'Felis silvestris lybica';\nGO\nUPDATE [Zoo].[dbo].[Animals] SET Number = 20 WHERE Name = 'African wild cat' AND  [Genus Species]= 'Felis silvestris lybica';\nGO\n...\n<\/pre>\n<p>As you can see below, all changes are in the filegroup HISTORY:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/history_table03.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" size-medium wp-image-31546 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/history_table03.jpg\" alt=\"history_table03\" width=\"300\" height=\"138\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>I recommend creating a separate filegroup for history table in case of temporal table usage.<br \/>\nIt is easier to manage (table growth), will not be place in your \u201cprincipal\u201d data file and can be place on a different storage if needed.<br \/>\nI hope this will help you to design your database<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Few days ago, a customer asks me if it is possible to move the history table to slower but cheaper storage. The question behind this is whether it is possible to create a history table on a separate filegroup and file. Few years ago, I write a serie of blogs about temporal table here. I [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":12295,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[229,198,99],"tags":[49,51,566,625],"type_dbi":[],"class_list":["post-12294","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-database-administration-monitoring","category-database-management","category-sql-server","tag-microsoft","tag-sql-server","tag-sql-server-2016","tag-temporal-table"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.2 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>SQL Server Temporal Table \u2013 How to store a history table in another file? - dbi Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"How to create a history table on a separate filegroup and file\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"SQL Server Temporal Table \u2013 How to store a history table in another file?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"How to create a history table on a separate filegroup and file\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"dbi Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-03-12T08:32:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2022\/04\/history_table01.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"219\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"152\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"St\u00e9phane Haby\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"St\u00e9phane Haby\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"2 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"St\u00e9phane Haby\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d0bfb7484ae81c8980fc2b11334f803b\"},\"headline\":\"SQL Server Temporal Table \u2013 How to store a history table in another file?\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-03-12T08:32:30+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":266,\"commentCount\":0,\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/2\\\/2022\\\/04\\\/history_table01.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Microsoft\",\"SQL Server\",\"SQL Server 2016\",\"Temporal Table\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Database Administration &amp; Monitoring\",\"Database management\",\"SQL Server\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.dbi-services.com\\\/blog\\\/sql-server-temporal-table-how-to-store-a-history-table-in-another-file\\\/\",\"name\":\"SQL Server Temporal Table \u2013 How to store a history table in another file? 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