{"id":10386,"date":"2017-07-28T13:31:02","date_gmt":"2017-07-28T11:31:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/setting-up-default-parameters-for-roles-in-postgresql\/"},"modified":"2017-07-28T13:31:02","modified_gmt":"2017-07-28T11:31:02","slug":"setting-up-default-parameters-for-roles-in-postgresql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/setting-up-default-parameters-for-roles-in-postgresql\/","title":{"rendered":"Setting up default parameters for roles in PostgreSQL"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>As you might know you can set various parameters on the session level in PostgreSQL by using the &#8220;set&#8221; command:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">\npostgres=# h set\nCommand:     SET\nDescription: change a run-time parameter\nSyntax:\nSET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] configuration_parameter { TO | = } { value | 'value' | DEFAULT }\nSET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] TIME ZONE { timezone | LOCAL | DEFAULT }\n<\/pre>\n<p>This allows a session to adjust parameters at runtime and can be a handy way for on the fly configuration when you need special settings. Wouldn&#8217;t it be great if we could have a default set of parameters for a role or user?  Maybe there is one user who needs a special setting for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/current\/static\/runtime-config-resource.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">work_mem<\/a> and another one who needs a special setting for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/current\/static\/runtime-config-client.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">search_path<\/a>. Instead of setting that each time after the connect in the session you can also do that on the server side.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Lets create to users, user a and user b:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">\npostgres=# create user a login password 'a';\nCREATE ROLE\npostgres=# create user b login password 'b';\nCREATE ROLE\npostgres=# du\n                                   List of roles\n Role name |                         Attributes                         | Member of \n-----------+------------------------------------------------------------+-----------\n a         |                                                            | {}\n b         |                                                            | {}\n postgres  | Superuser, Create role, Create DB, Replication, Bypass RLS | {}\n<\/pre>\n<p>When we want a special setting for work_mem every time user a creates a new connection and a special setting for search_path every time user b creates a connection we can do it like this:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">\npostgres=# alter user a set work_mem = '1MB';\nALTER ROLE\npostgres=# alter user b set search_path='b';\nALTER ROLE\npostgres=# \n<\/pre>\n<p>When user a connects from now on:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">\npostgres=# c postgres a\nYou are now connected to database \"postgres\" as user \"a\".\npostgres=&gt; show work_mem;\n work_mem \n----------\n 1MB\n(1 row)\n<\/pre>\n<p>When user b connects from now on:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">\npostgres=&gt; c postgres b\nYou are now connected to database \"postgres\" as user \"b\".\npostgres=&gt; show search_path ;\n search_path \n-------------\n b\n(1 row)\n<\/pre>\n<p>Notice that this does not prevent a user from overriding the setting:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">\npostgres=&gt; select current_user;\n current_user \n--------------\n b\n(1 row)\n\npostgres=&gt; set search_path=c;\nSET\npostgres=&gt; show search_path ;\n search_path \n-------------\n c\n(1 row)\n<\/pre>\n<p>&#8230; this is more meant as setting defaults that differ from the main server configuration where it makes sense. And how can you know then which settings are configured for a specific role? Easy, there is <a href=\"https:\/\/www.postgresql.org\/docs\/current\/static\/view-pg-roles.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">pg_roles<\/a>:<\/p>\n<pre class=\"brush: sql; gutter: true; first-line: 1\">\npostgres=&gt; select rolname,rolconfig from pg_roles where rolname in ('a','b');\n rolname |    rolconfig    \n---------+-----------------\n a       | {work_mem=1MB}\n b       | {search_path=b}\n(2 rows)\n<\/pre>\n<p>Good to know&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>As you might know you can set various parameters on the session level in PostgreSQL by using the &#8220;set&#8221; command: postgres=# h set Command: SET Description: change a run-time parameter Syntax: SET [ SESSION | LOCAL ] configuration_parameter { TO | = } { value | &#8216;value&#8217; | DEFAULT } SET [ SESSION | LOCAL [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":28,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[229],"tags":[77],"type_dbi":[],"class_list":["post-10386","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-database-administration-monitoring","tag-postgresql"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Setting up default parameters for roles in PostgreSQL - dbi Blog<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.dbi-services.com\/blog\/setting-up-default-parameters-for-roles-in-postgresql\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Setting up default parameters for roles in PostgreSQL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"As you might know you can set various parameters on the session level in PostgreSQL by using the &#8220;set&#8221; 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